Ucwaningo ngethonya lenqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi elinembayo ezintweni ezibonakalayo.

Ucwaningo ngethonya lenqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi elinembayo ezintweni ezibonakalayo

Njengepayipi lekhwalithi ephezulu, ipayipi lensimbi elinembile lisetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, embonini yamakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, imishini, i-aerospace, neminye imikhakha. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yayo inomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, okuhlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo. Lesi sihloko sizokwenza ucwaningo olujulile nokuhlaziya ngomthelela wenqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi anembayo ezintweni ezibonakalayo.

Inqubo Yokukhiqiza yamapayipi ensimbi anembayo
Izinqubo zokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi anembayo ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa ukugoqa okushisayo nokugoqa okubandayo. I-hot rolling ibhekisela ekugoqeni amapayipi ensimbi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze akhubazeke futhi athole umumo nosayizi oyifunayo. Cold rolling amapayipi ensimbi ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze athole izilinganiso ezinembe kakhudlwana kanye nendawo ebushelelezi. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ipayipi lensimbi nalo lidinga ukuqondisa, ukuhushulwa, ukucishwa, ukufutheka, nokunye ukwelashwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwawo.

Umthelela wenqubo yokukhiqiza ezintweni ezibonakalayo
1. Umthelela wenqubo yokugoqa okushisayo
Inqubo yokugoqa eshisayo inomthelela omkhulu ezintweni ezibonakalayo zamapayipi ensimbi enembile. Uma ugoqa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okusanhlamvu ngaphakathi kwepayipi yensimbi kuzokhubaza, ngaleyo ndlela kucwengisise okusanhlamvu futhi kuthuthukise amandla nokuqina kwezinto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umphumela wokuqinisa umsebenzi okhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa eshisayo ungathuthukisa ubulukhuni nokugqoka ukumelana kwepayipi yensimbi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa kokushisa okushisayo kanye nesikhathi kufanele kube ngokufanele, ngaphandle kwalokho amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka nezimbobo kuzovela ngaphakathi kwepayipi yensimbi, okuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo.

2. Umthelela wenqubo yokugoqa ebandayo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuginqika okushisayo, inqubo yokugoqa ebandayo inomthelela omncane kukho izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zokunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi. Lapho ugoqa ekamelweni lokushisa, okusanhlamvu ngaphakathi kwepayipi yensimbi ngeke kudlule ukuguqulwa okuphawulekayo, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nomphumela wokuqina womsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ukugoqa okubandayo kungalawula ngokunembile usayizi nokuma kwamapayipi ensimbi, kuthuthukise ukunemba kwawo kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugoqa okubandayo okufanele kungathuthukisa amandla okuphoqeleka kanye nokungena kazibuthe kwamapayipi ensimbi, kuyenze ifaneleke kakhulu ukukhiqiza izinto ezinozibuthe ezinembayo eziphezulu, ezisebenza kakhulu.

3. Umthelela wenqubo yokudonsa
I-Annealing iyisixhumanisi esibalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi anembayo. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokugoqa futhi wenze isakhiwo sangaphakathi sepayipi yensimbi ibe yinto efanayo futhi zizinzile. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa le-annealing nesikhathi kunethonya elikhulu ukusebenza kwamapayipi ensimbi ngokunemba. Uma izinga lokushisa le-anneal liphezulu kakhulu noma isikhathi siside kakhulu, izinhlamvu ezingaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi zizokhula, zinciphise amandla ayo kanye nokuqina; uma izinga lokushisa le-anneal liphansi kakhulu noma isikhathi sifushane kakhulu, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi akukwazi ukuqedwa futhi ipayipi yensimbi izolimala ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokusetshenziswa okulandelayo. Izinkinga ezifana ne-deformation kanye nokuqhekeka zingase zenzeke kalula.

4. Umthelela wokucisha kanye nezinqubo zokushisa
Ukucisha kuyinqubo lapho ipayipi lensimbi lishiswa ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi bese lipholiswa ngokushesha ukuze lithole isakhiwo se-martensite. I-Tempering ishisa kabusha ipayipi lensimbi elicishiwe liye ezingeni lokushisa elithile nokuyigcina ifudumele isikhathi esithile ukuze kunzinziswe isakhiwo senhlangano futhi kuqede ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi. Inqubo yokucisha nokushisa inomthelela omkhulu ukusebenza kwamapayipi ensimbi ngokunemba. Ukulawulwa kokushisa kokucima kanye nesikhathi kunquma ubuningi nokusabalalisa kwe-martensite, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ubulukhuni namandla wepayipi yensimbi; ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa lokushisa nesikhathi kunquma ukuzinza nokuqina kwesakhiwo senhlangano. Izinqubo ezifanele zokucisha nokushisa zingenza ukunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi abe nokuqina okuhle nokuqina kuyilapho egcina ubulukhuni obuphezulu namandla.

3. Isiphetho
The inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi ngokunemba kunomthelela omkhulu ezimpahleni zabo ezibonakalayo. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphusile zingenza ukunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi abe namandla amahle, ukuqina, ukuqina, ukuqina, nezinye izakhiwo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zesicelo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezidingeka kakhulu. Ukuthola izakhiwo zempahla ezingcono, kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokwandisa amapharamitha wenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukuqinisa ucwaningo oluyisisekelo futhi uthole ukuqonda okujulile kokuxhumana kwangaphakathi nemithetho phakathi kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo zamapayipi ensimbi anembile, ukunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuthuthukisa intuthuko esimeme yokunemba. imboni yamapayipi ensimbi.