ifilimu yokuzivikela yensimbi engenasici

Ungakhetha kanjani ngokunembile izinga lokushisa le-titanium alloy forging

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Iliphi izinga lokushisa elifanele lokubumba le-titanium alloy? Njengento ebalulekile yobunjiniyela, ingxubevange ye-titanium iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi endaweni yezindiza, imishini yezokwelapha, imboni yamakhemikhali, neminye imikhakha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ekucubunguleni ama-alloys e-titanium, ukubumba kuyinqubo ebalulekile, nokukhetha i-titanium alloy forging lokushisa ihlobene ngokuqondile nokusebenza kwe-titanium alloys kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo eqediwe. Namuhla, umhleli uzokuthatha ukuthi uqonde izinga lokushisa elifanele lokubumba lama-alloys e-titanium.

Iliphi izinga lokushisa elifanele lokubumba le-titanium alloy? Njengento ebalulekile yobunjiniyela, ingxubevange ye-titanium iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi endaweni yezindiza, imishini yezokwelapha, imboni yamakhemikhali, neminye imikhakha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ekucutshungulweni kwe-titanium alloys, ukubumba kuyinqubo ebalulekile, futhi ukukhetha izinga lokushisa lokubumba kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusebenza kwe-titanium alloys kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo eqediwe. Namuhla, umhleli uzokuthatha ukuthi uqonde izinga lokushisa elifanele lokubumba lama-alloys e-titanium.

ifilimu yokuzivikela yensimbi engenasici

Lingakanani izinga lokushisa le-titanium alloy?

Izinga lokushisa lokubumba lama-alloys e-titanium livamise ukuthintwa ukwakheka kwengxubevange yawo, i-microstructure, kanye nezakhiwo ezidingekayo. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa lokubumba lama-alloys e-titanium libanzi ngokuqhathaniswa, kodwa ukukhethwa okukhethekile kwezinga lokushisa kudinga ukunqunywa ngokohlobo lwengxubevange kanye nezidingo zokubumba. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lingase libangele ukuthi izinhlamvu ze-titanium alloy zibe mahhadlahhadla futhi zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo; kuyilapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lingase libangele i-plasticity ye-titanium alloy yehle, okwenza kube nzima ukwakha.

Ngakho-ke, ukunquma izinga lokushisa elifanele lokubumba kuyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko kunqubo yokwenza i-titanium alloy. Lapho ukhetha izinga lokushisa le-titanium alloy forging, okokuqala udinga ukucabangela iphuzu lokuguqulwa kwesigaba se-alloy. Iphuzu lokuguqulwa kwesigaba se-titanium alloy yindawo yokushisa lapho isakhiwo sayo senhlangano sishintsha kakhulu, okungase kunqunywe ngokuhlaziya okushisayo nezinye izindlela. Ukwakha eduze nendawo yokuguqulwa kwesigaba kuyasiza ekutholeni uhlaka lwezinhlamvu ezinhle kanye nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini zama-alloys e-titanium.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lokubumba kufanele futhi licabangele ikhono lokuguquguquka kwepulasitiki kanye nedigri yokuqinisa umsebenzi we-titanium alloy. Ukwakha ezingeni lokushisa ngekhono elihle lokuguga lepulasitiki kanye nezinga eliphansi lokuqina komsebenzi kunenzuzo ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

Izinga lokushisa lokubumba lama-alloys e-titanium livamise ukuthintwa ukwakheka kwengxubevange yawo, i-microstructure, kanye nezakhiwo ezidingekayo. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa lokubumba lama-alloys e-titanium libanzi ngokuqhathaniswa, kodwa ukukhethwa okukhethekile kwezinga lokushisa kudinga ukunqunywa ngokohlobo lwengxubevange kanye nezidingo zokubumba. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lingase libangele ukuthi izinhlamvu ze-titanium alloy zibe mahhadlahhadla futhi zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo; kuyilapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lingase libangele i-plasticity ye-titanium alloy yehle, okwenza kube nzima ukwakha.

Ngakho-ke, ukunquma izinga lokushisa elifanele lokubumba kuyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko kunqubo yokwenza i-titanium alloy. Lapho ukhetha izinga lokushisa le-titanium alloy forging, okokuqala udinga ukucabangela iphuzu lokuguqulwa kwesigaba se-alloy. Iphuzu lokuguqulwa kwesigaba se-titanium alloy yindawo yokushisa lapho isakhiwo sayo senhlangano sishintsha kakhulu, okungase kunqunywe ngokuhlaziya okushisayo nezinye izindlela. Ukwakha eduze nendawo yokuguqulwa kwesigaba kuyasiza ekutholeni uhlaka lwezinhlamvu ezinhle kanye nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini zama-alloys e-titanium.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa le-titanium alloy forging kufanele futhi licabangele ikhono lokuguquguquka kwepulasitiki kanye nedigri yokuqina ye-titanium alloy. Ukwakha ezingeni lokushisa ngekhono elihle lokuguga lepulasitiki kanye nezinga eliphansi lokuqina komsebenzi kunenzuzo ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

Ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-titanium alloy emzimbeni womuntu kanye nezinhlobo zezinto ze-titanium zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha

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Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zensimbi kumele kungabi yingozi emzimbeni womuntu. Lapho insimbi igqwala, ingancibilikisa i-ion yensimbi, ethinta izicubu zamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo (umzimba womuntu), ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinto zensimbi ezingelula ukugqwala futhi zimelana kakhulu nokugqwala, i-titanium iwuhlobo oluthile lokugqwala. izinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala. Okokusebenza kwensimbi yezokwelapha kusuka ochungechungeni lwensimbi engagqwali kuya ku-cobalt-based and i-titanium-based alloy series, isilinganiso se-titanium ne-titanium alloy siyanda. Inani le-titanium elisetshenziswa embonini yezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke cishe ngonyaka we-1,000ta.

izinto ze-titanium zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha

1. Ukuguquguquka kwe-titanium emzimbeni womuntu (ukuhambisana kwe-titanium nezinto eziphilayo)
Ukubona ukusabela kwama-ion ensimbi ekuguquguqukeni komuntu, senze indlela yokuhlola ukuguquguquka kweseli elabhorethri sisebenzisa amaseli azwelayo kuma-ion ensimbi, afana nama-mouse lung fibroblasts (V79 cell) kanye nezicubu zegundane fibroblast (amaseli e-I929), asetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha e-China, kanye nendikimba yokuphatha ezimele (Ikomidi Lobuchwepheshe Lokulinganiswa Kwezinto Eziphilayo Zokuhlola Amadivayisi Ezokwelapha). Sihlukanisa phakathi kokusabela kwama-ion ayisisekelo e-monomer emzimbeni womuntu (izinto eziphilayo) okunikezwa Isisekelo Sobuchwepheshe Sokuhlola Ibhayoloji Yedivayisi Yezokwelapha (IKomidi Lezobuchwepheshe Elijwayelekile Lokuhlola Ibhayoloji Yamadivayisi Ezokwelapha).
I-Vanadium (V), i-nickel (Ni), ithusi (Cu), njll., enobuthi obukhulu, ibangela ukufa kwamaseli ngesikhathi esifushane ezingeni elilinganiselwe lezingxenye esigidini ngasinye (× 10-6). Endabeni ye-vanadium (V) ne-nickel (N), isibonelo, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwamaseli e-V79 iboniswa emfanekisweni. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokucwiliswa kwesonto elilodwa ibonise ukuthi wonke amangqamuzana afa lapho i-nickel icishe ibe ngu-10 × 10-6 (pm = izingxenye ngesigidi), kuyilapho i-vanadium (V) yayinezinombolo ezimbili ngaphansi futhi wonke amaseli afa lapho ecishe abe ngu-0.6× 10-6. Okwesibili, lapho izicubu eziqinile (amathambo) kanye nezicubu ezithambile (imisipha) yezilwane ezincane njengamagundane nonogwaja zishunyekwa emashidini ensimbi ukuze zihlolwe, lezi zinsimbi ezinobuthi kakhulu zabangela i-necrosis ezicutshini eziqinile (amathambo) kanye nezicubu ezithambile (imisipha). ) engxenyeni yokuxhumana.

Elinye iqembu elibonisa ukulimala, ekufakweni kwesimo esinamathiselwe, kuzicubu ezine-fibrous endaweni yokuxhumana, ukwakheka kohlobo lomzimba webhayoloji emzimbeni ukuze kukhishwe ukusabela, insimbi, i-aluminium, igolide, isiliva, nokunye kubonakaliswa kanjalo. Izinto ezijwayelekile zensimbi ezifana ne-SUS 304L yensimbi engagqwali ne-SUS 36L yensimbi engagqwali, kanye nama-cobalt-chromium alloys, ayingxenye yalesi sigaba. Ucezu lwensimbi olufakwe esicutshini esiqinile aluhlanganisi namangqamuzana amathambo, futhi lapho ukuhlolwa kokususa kwenziwa emasontweni ambalwa kamuva, kukhishwa ngaphandle kokumelana.
Iqembu lesithathu yilona elisebenza kancane ngezinto eziphilayo futhi lifanele ukufakwa nokunamathiselwa kwe-titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, platinum, njalonjalo. Uma lezi zinsimbi zifakwe noma zixhunywe ezintweni eziphilayo, ziboshwe eduze nezicubu eziqinile nezithambile, okubonisa into efana nomzimba.

Ngenxa yalokho, i-titanium iyinsimbi ephephile ngoba mancane amathuba okuba ibangele ukulimala kwezinto eziphilayo. Lapho kusetshenziswa ama-alloys e-titanium, kuye ngezakhi ze-alloying ezisetshenzisiwe, ukumelana nokugqwala kwama-alloys e-titanium kuphansi kune-titanium emsulwa, futhi lapho ukugqwala kwenzeka, izakhi ze-alloying zingakhishwa. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha izakhi ze-alloying ezimelana nokugqwala futhi ezingahlaseli. Kuma-alloys e-titanium, i-Ti-6AI-4V ingxubevange isetshenziswe isikhathi eside ekwenziweni kwezindiza kanye nemishini yobunjiniyela ekwazi ukumelana namanzi olwandle futhi inenani elikhulu lezibonelo zokusetshenziswa. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ama-alloys e-ELI, anokumelana okuhle nokugqwala (okuqukethwe okuphansi kwensimbi, umoya-mpilo, ne-hydrogen), sekunesikhathi eside esetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, njengengxenye yocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwama-alloys e-titanium ukuze kufakwe futhi kubekwe, ingxubevange ye-Ti-13Nb-13Zr iye yalinganiswa ngokufaka i-vanadium (V) esikhundleni se-niobium (Nb), okuyi-alloy engalimazi. embikweni we-mutagenicity ye-monomer (ASTM, ISO). Kukhona futhi i-alloy ekhipha i-aluminium ngenkuthalo, ezokhishwa maduze.

2、 Titanium impahla ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha
Izinga le-ASTM laseMelika (ikhodi ye-F) yokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha lilingana nendinganiso yomhlaba, futhi eYurophu, izinga le-ISO nezinga le-ASTM kuyahlungwa futhi kuhlanganiswe nendinganiso yaseYurophu. E-Japan, siphezu kwenqubo yokuhlanganisa izindinganiso zasekhaya futhi sesiqalile ukwenza amazinga asekelwe kumazinga e-ISO ngokuhlanganisa amazinga ahambisana namazinga e-ASTM kanye ne-ISO.
Izinto ze-titanium ezicaciswe kuzinga le-ASTM lezimila nezinamathiselo ezinjengamajoyinti okwenziwa amadolo namajoyinti enyonga (okuhlanganisa namakhanda wesifazane) afakwe ohlwini ngokuvumelana nokuma kwawo. Sekuyisikhathi eside, i-titanium ehlanzekile kanye ne-Ti-6AI-4V alloys, kuhlanganise nezinto eziyimpushana, zisetshenziswe ukwenza izimo ezihlukahlukene zezingxenye nezingxenye.

3. Izicelo ze-titanium yezokwelapha
I-Titanium isetshenziswa enanini elikhulu lezingxenye ezinjengamajoyinti e-femoral okwenziwa, amalunga okwenziwa amadolo, nama-splints amathambo, futhi isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo. Ngokukhubaza ukuvuvukala kwamalunga I-Rheumatism [ebizwa ngokuthi “Rumatism”, okusho ubuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga, kanye nemisipha, kodwa futhi nesifo sokungezwani komzimba - inothi Lomhumushi] nezinye izimbangela zobuhlungu obukhulu, okuholela ebunzimeni bokuhamba, zizophathwa yilesi sifo Iziguli. abaphethwe yilesi simo banikezwa amalunga e-femoral yokwenziwa kanye nokushintshwa kwamadolo okwenziwa, okungaqeda ubuhlungu futhi kubavumele ukuba bahambe. E-Japan, ukushintshwa kwamalunga e-femoral angu-80,000 kanye nokushintshwa kwamadolo angu-40,000 kwenziwa ngonyaka owodwa (izibalo zika-2005). Esikhathini esizayo, njengoba umphakathi ukhula, kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo samalungu okwenziwa sikhuphuke ngamaphesenti amakhulu.
I-Titanium ayizifanele zonke izingxenye zamalunga okwenziwa. Engxenyeni ehlangene, lapho kukhona ukunyakaza okuningi, i-titanium ayifanele ngoba iguga kalula (i-ceramics ne-cobalt alloys ikhethwa), futhi i-titanium alloys isetshenziselwa izingxenye ezifakiwe. Ingaphezulu lengxubevange ye-titanium alilingani futhi limbozwe ngezinto ezizwelayo ze-apatite kanye nethambo njenge-bioglass ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nethambo lebhayoloji. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa kwe-fracture, i-titanium alloy intramedullary izipikili namapuleti e-titanium alloy asetshenziswa.

Kukhona futhi ukuthambekela okwandayo emkhakheni wokunakekelwa kwamazinyo, lapho kusetshenziswa khona izimila nezinamathiselo. I-Titanium isetshenziswa ngamanani amancane, kodwa kukhona ama-alloys e-titanium nama-alloys ahlanzekile e-titanium ngendlela yamapuleti, izintambo, amasokhethi, nobhasikidi njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni. Lezi zingxenye ziqhutshwa ngokuqondile emhlathini futhi zimbozwe nge-apatite, emele ukwakheka kwethambo, ukuze ilungiswe engxenyeni ye-gingival yezinyo. I-Titanium ifanele izimila zensimbi kudokotela wamazinyo jikelele. Kunezindlela ezimbili, indlela yokuphonsa enembile, kanye nendlela yokwenza i-superplastic, futhi ilula ngesisindo futhi ayinambitheki kabi ekudleni okune-asidi uma iqhathaniswa nengxubevange ye-cobalt ne-chromium yangaphambili, kodwa njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-titanium akumbozwa ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa komshwalense wezempilo, intengo ibiza kakhulu.

Njengesesekeli esifakelwayo semithi yangaphakathi, i-pacemaker ingafakwa lapho isiguli sihlushwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi. Intambo ye-electrode ifakwa isuka emthanjeni we-subclavia iye enhliziyweni, futhi le electrode ifaka isignali ye-elekthronikhi kumshini wokuhambisa inhliziyo, okuwenza umshini wokushaya inhliziyo. Muva nje, ama-pacemakers athuthukisiwe anesisindo esingama-20g nobukhulu obungu-6mm, obuncane ngokwanele ukuthi buxhunywe ngocingo lwe-electrode futhi lungcwatshwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ibhethri kanye nesekhethi yokulawula kuqukethwe esitsheni esincane (ilokhethi) eyenziwe nge-titanium emsulwa, engahlaseli izinto eziphilayo. Ibhethri kufanele lihlale okungenani iminyaka engu-6, ngakho-ke isiqukathi (ilokhi) sidingeka ukuthi sizinze futhi siphephe isikhathi eside. Njengamanje, cishe abantu abangu-5,000 eJapane bahlomulile.

I-Titanium isetshenziswa nasezintweni zokuhlinza. Ikakhulukazi esimweni sokusebenza isikhathi eside kobuchopho kanye ne-neurosurgery ethatha amahora angaphezu kwe-10, ama-forceps adingeka ukuthi abe lula, futhi imikhiqizo ye-titanium isetshenziselwa i-hemostatic forceps nokunye okunjalo. I-Titanium iphinda isetshenziswe kumathuluzi amaningi okwelapha amazinyo afana nezimila, amathuluzi okuhlinza okunamathiselwe, nezidlidlizi ukuze kukhishwe i-tartar yamazinyo. Ngaphezu kokufakwa kanye nokunamathiselwe, okufana nemishini eyisiza nezihlalo zabakhubazekile, i-titanium nayo iyasetshenziswa. Uma ingxenye yesitho ilahlekile ngenxa yokugula noma ingozi, i-prosthesis yenziwa ukubuyisela ukusebenza, futhi njengoba ingxenye eyinhloko ye-prosthesis yenziwe ngensimbi, isetshenziswa ngokuya ngokukhanya, ukuqina (ikakhulukazi ukugqwala kanye ukumelana nokukhathala), nokuhambisana nezinto eziphilayo (Ni, Cr, njll.). Endabeni yezihlalo zabakhubazekile, umgomo oyinhloko uwukwenza sonke isihlalo sabakhubazekile sibe lula, ngakho kwezinye izimo, i-titanium isetshenziselwa cishe zonke izingxenye zensimbi esakhiweni, njengefreyimu namasondo.

I-Titanium alloy processing

Ingxoxo Ngobunzima Nezinyathelo Zokulwa Nokucutshungulwa Kwe-Titanium Alloy

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I-Titanium alloy, impahla yensimbi engasindi futhi enamandla amakhulu, idlala indima ebalulekile kwezokundiza, emkhathini, kwezokwelashwa nakweminye imikhakha. Kodwa-ke, ukucutshungulwa kwe-titanium alloys kugcwele izinselele, futhi izakhiwo zayo ezikhethekile zenza ukucubungula kube nzima kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokujulile ubunzima be i-titanium alloy processing futhi siphakamise izindlela zokuphikisa ezihambisanayo, ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukwesekwa okuqinile kobuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwama-alloys e-titanium.

Ubunzima obuyinhloko ekucubunguleni ingxubevange ye-titanium ukuguquguquka kwayo okushisayo okuphansi kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi ne-aluminium, ama-titanium alloys ane-conductivity engalungile yokushisa, okwenza kube nzima ukukhipha ngokuphumelelayo ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusika nokugxila endaweni yokusika. Lesi simo sibangela amathuluzi okusika ukuthi amelane namazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu ngesikhathi sokucubungula, okungaholela kalula ekugugeni okusheshayo nokuqhekeka kwamathuluzi okusika, okuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

Okwesibili, i-elastic modulus ye-titanium alloy iphansi, okusho ukuthi ithambekele ekuguqukeni kokunwebeka ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Ikakhulukazi lapho kucutshungulwa izingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane noma ezimise okwendandatho, lesi simo sokuguquguquka sisobala kakhulu. Ukuguqulwa ngeke kunciphise kuphela ukunemba kwejometri kwengxenye kodwa kungase kubangele ukuqina komsebenzi, kuqhubeke nokunciphisa amandla okukhathala kwengxenye.

I-Titanium alloy processing

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlangana okuqinile kwe-titanium alloys nakho kuwubunzima enqubweni yokucubungula. Ngesikhathi sokuguqula kanye nezinqubo zokumba, ama-titanium alloys avame ukwenza ama-chips amade naqhubekayo, angagoqa kalula ithuluzi futhi athinte ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho ukujula kokusika kukhulu kakhulu, kulula ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu njengokunamathela, ukushisa noma ukuphuka kommese.

Ekuphenduleni lobu bunzima obungenhla, siphakamisa izinyathelo zokuphikisa ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, ukusebenzisa i-coolant ngesikhathi somshini kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokusika. Ukukhetha isipholile esifanele, njengesipholile samafutha esingancibiliki noma isipholile esincibilikayo, kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa lendawo yokusika, kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yendawo esebenza ngomshini, futhi kunwebe impilo yesevisi yethuluzi.

Okwesibili, ukukhetha ithuluzi elifanele kubalulekile ekucubunguleni ama-alloys e-titanium. Amathuluzi kufanele abe nokumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu nokumelana nokugqoka ukuze abhekane namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezeleka okuphezulu ngesikhathi i-titanium alloy processing. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugcina umkhawulo wokusika ubukhali nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokugaya obuthuthukisiwe kunganciphisa ngempumelelo amandla okusika futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulawula isivinini sokusika kanye nezinga lokudla kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa ubunzima bokucubungula. Ukwehlisa isivinini sokusika kunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa, kuyilapho ukugcina ukudla okuqhubekayo noma ukwandisa ngokufanele izinga lokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlala kwethuluzi endaweni yomshini, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqoqwa kokushisa nokusebenza kanzima.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi emishini eqinile nakho kuyisici esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi ye-titanium alloy processing. Amathuluzi omshini oqinile angamunca ukudlidliza futhi anciphise ingxoxo ngesikhathi sokusika, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukunemba kokucubungula nokuzinza.

Okokugcina, ukuhlanzwa okuvamile kwemishini yokucubungula namathuluzi okusika nakho kuyisici esingenakunakwa. Ukuhlanza kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukuchithwa kwemfucumfucu, kugcine isimo esihle sokusebenza semishini, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula.

Ukufingqa, nakuba ukucutshungulwa kwe-titanium alloys kugcwele izinselele, ngokusebenzisa izinto ezipholile ezifanele, amathuluzi okusika, nemingcele yokucubungula, kanye nokusebenzisa amathuluzi omshini oqinile kanye nemishini yokuhlanza evamile, singanqoba lobu bunzima ngokuphumelelayo futhi sizuze ngempumelelo. futhi ukucubungula okuphezulu kwe-titanium alloys. Ukunemba kokucubungula. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokusungulwa kobuchwepheshe, kukholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-titanium alloys emikhakheni eminingi kuzoba banzi futhi kujule.

intengo ye-titanium alloy nge-kg

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-titanium alloy exhaust: ukudala ibhentshimakhi entsha ye-racing exhaust

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Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesiko lezimoto, abathandi bezimoto abaningi ngokwengeziwe sebeqalile ukuphishekela ukuguqulwa komuntu siqu kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza. Phakathi kwazo, ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-titanium alloy exhaust isiphenduke into egxile kakhulu kubathandi bezimoto abaningi ngenxa yezinto zayo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okuvelele.I-GV ye-GV ye-GV ye-titanium alloy exhaust esebenza kahle isiphenduke umfudlana wamanzi acwebile emakethe ngenxa yokungabizi kwayo kanye nezinga eliphezulu kakhulu.

Ngo-2019, izinhlobo ezimbili, i-Gusto ne-Vanhool, zajoyina izandla ukwethula umkhiqizo omusha wokukhipha umoya osebenza kahle kakhulu - i-GV exhaust. UGusto, njengomhlinzeki wesevisi wokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto osebenza endaweni eyodwa e-China, obambe iqhaza ekungeniseni, ekufakeni, nasekulungiseni ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla zomjaho ngemuva kokuthengisa, ubelokhu egcina amakhono aqinile ocwaningo nentuthuko futhi umatasatasa phambili embonini yomjaho. . I-Vanhool, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingumkhiqizi we-exhaust ngokwezifiso onomlando cishe weminyaka engamashumi amathathu, onguchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinkampani ezimbili kuguqule ulwazi lwazo olucebile emjahweni wezinga eliphezulu lwaba yimikhiqizo yabantu, okulethe abathandi bezimoto entsha sha.
I-GV exhaust igqamile ebangeni lomkhiqizo we-GV.

ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-titanium alloy exhaust

Okunye okugqamile kwe-GV exhaust ukusetshenziswa kwe-titanium njengento eyinhloko. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi engagqwali yendabuko, ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-titanium alloy exhaust inesisindo esilula, esinganciphisa kakhulu isisindo semoto futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kokuphatha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-titanium alloy nayo inamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuzinzile, okungagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphansi kwendawo yokushisa ephezulu, iqinisekisa ukuphuma okubushelelezi nokusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxubevange ye-titanium nayo inomsindo ongcono, ongaletha umsindo wokukhipha umoya omuhle kakhulu emotweni.

Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, i-GV Exhaust ingenisa konke izinto ze-titanium alloy kusuka phesheya kwezilwandle futhi yenze ukuhlola okuqinile kwempahla eluhlaza ngaphambi kokuba iqoqo ngalinye lemikhiqizo likhiqizwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-GV Exhaust inethimba lobunjiniyela bangaphakathi abanolwazi, elenza izikena ze-3D zesakhiwo sohlelo lwe-exhaust yasekuqaleni yamamodeli asanda kuthuthukiswa futhi liwakhe ngezilinganiso zangempela zokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ifanelana kahle nemoto, okuvumela ukufakwa ngempumelelo emotweni. isikhundla sokuqala. Le ndlela yokuthuthukisa eyenziwe ngomthungo ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi futhi yonga isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kodwa futhi iqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okuphindwe kabili komkhiqizo ekusebenzeni nomsindo.

Kuhle ukusho ukuthi i-GV exhaust nayo yakhelwe ngenhlanganisela yokusebenza nobuhle engqondweni. Idizayini yayo eyingqayizivele kanye nobuciko obumangalisayo benza i-exhaust ingagcini nje ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa futhi yengeze ukuthintwa kwemfashini emotweni. Ukwengeza, i-GV exhaust iphinde yamukele ukwakheka kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu bokulawula ukudlidliza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingahlala izinzile futhi izinzile kunqubo yokusetshenziswa.
I-GV exhaust yenziwe ngobuciko bekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu bokulawula ukudlidliza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuthule ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zabathandi bezimoto abahlukene, i-GV exhaust ayigxili kuphela ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe ze-titanium kodwa futhi inikeza insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic njengempahla yemikhiqizo yokukhipha umoya ongakhetha kuyo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna ukusebenza kokugcina, noma ufuna i-exhaust eyongayo, ungayithola ku-GV exhaust.
I-GV Exhausts inikezela ngemikhiqizo enhlobonhlobo yabo bobabili abashisekayo abafuna ukusebenza okuphezulu nabathengi abafuna inani lemali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-GV Exhausts inikeza iwaranti yeminyaka emibili yekhilomitha engenamkhawulo, enikeza abashisekayo ukuthula okukhulu kwengqondo lapho bethenga futhi besebenzisa imikhiqizo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo noma isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa, i-GV Exhaust ibonise izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe nokuzibophezela!

Sekukonke,  ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-titanium alloy exhaust isibe ukusakazwa okucacile emakethe ngenxa yekhwalithi yayo ephezulu, eyongayo, nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Ayifezi nje kuphela izidingo zabathandi bezimoto zokuguqulwa komuntu siqu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kodwa futhi iletha umuzwa ongcono wokushayela emotweni. Kukholakala ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, i-GV exhaust izoqhubeka nokuhola intuthuko yemakethe ye-exhaust esezingeni eliphezulu, ilethe izimanga nokwaneliseka kwabaningi abathanda izimoto.

insimbi engagqwali ipayipi stock

Kungani amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali e-Linun egqamile kunamanye?

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Impendulo ilula kakhulu: isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani Ipayipi yensimbi engagqwali ye-Linkun kubukeka kugqamile kuyizinto ezibonakalayo.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi emabhizinisini agxile ekukhiqizeni, into yokuqala enquma ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo izinto ezingavuthiwe, ezilandelwa amazinga ekhwalithi nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Izinqubo zokukhiqiza ziyafana, futhi umehluko awumkhulu kakhulu. Isizathu segebe elikhulu kangaka sibangelwa ikakhulukazi izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukene kanye namazinga ekhwalithi.

Imichilo yensimbi eluhlaza ye amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ihlukaniswe yaba ukucwengisiswa esithandweni imichilo yensimbi kanye Intermediate frequency esithandweni emapheshana zensimbi. I-Linun Alloy Stainless Steel isebenzisa imichilo yensimbi yokucwenga, enokuqukethwe okuphezulu nokuzinzile kwezakhi ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile zokulandelela. Ingaphezulu lomugqa wensimbi wokucwengisisa libushelelezi, alinayo i-trachoma ne-pitting, futhi linokukhanya okuthile ngaphambi kokupholishwa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kunama-trachomas amaningi ebusweni bomugqa wensimbi wesithando somlilo ophakathi, ibhodi lilonke limhlophe, umphumela wokupholisha awulungile, futhi ingaphezulu lebhodi lilufifi.

Umgomo wemishini yokupholisha usekusebenzeni kwesivinini esikhulu kanye nokukhuhlana kwamasethi amaningi amasondo e-hemp. Isondo le-hemp liyagudla ubuso bepayipi lensimbi engagqwali ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokupholisha ungafinyelelwa uma unamathiselwe ngokuphelele. Amasondo e-hemp enziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi anokunamathela okubi futhi awakwazi ukufeza ukunamathela okuphelele.

Umehluko ekupholiseni izinto ze-wax nakho kuyisici esithinta ukukhanya kokugcina. I-wax ecwebezelayo inokungcola okumbalwa, okungagcini nje ngokwenza ingaphezulu leshubhu lokuhlobisa lensimbi engagqwali likhanye kodwa futhi livikela ingaphezulu leshubhu lokuhlobisa lensimbi engagqwali ukuthi lingaklwejwa. Ngesikhathi sokupholisha, izingcweti zethu zokupholisha ezinekhono eliphezulu zisebenzisa i-wax yokupholisha engcono kakhulu, futhi ukukhanya kwamashubhu okuphonsiwe kuphezulu kakhulu embonini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindinganiso zekhwalithi zihlukile. I-Linun alloy steel stainless inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokukhanya. Ukukhanya kwepayipi ngalinye le-lkalloy kungafinyelela amakhandlela angaphezu kuka-500.

Lapho abasebenzisi bengazi ukuthi benzenjani khetha amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, baqhathanisa amapayipi e-lkalloy namapayipi avela kwezinye izinhlobo. Abasebenzisi bazothanda amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali e-lkalloy lapho uthi shazi.

Intengo ye-Titanium plate

Izinto eziyi-9 okufanele uziqaphele lapho ushisela i-Hastelloy C-276

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I-Hastelloy C-276, i-UNS N10276, ebizwa ngokuthi C276, ingenye yezingxubevange ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala ezisuselwa ku-nickel. Ifanele izimboni ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali eziqukethe i-oxidizing nokunciphisa imidiya. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum ne-chromium kwenza ingxubevange imelane ne-chlorine. I-ion corrosion kanye nezakhi ze-tungsten zithuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala.

I-Hastelloy C-276 ingenye yezinto okuwukuphela kwazo ezimelana nokugqwala nge-chlorine emanzi, i-hypochlorite, ne-chlorine dioxide solutions. Inokumelana okuphawulekayo nezixazululo ze-chloride zokugxila okuphezulu njenge-ferric chloride ne-chloride yethusi. Ukumelana nokugqwala.

I-Hastelloy C-276 ingasetshenziswa kulezi zindawo zokufaka izicelo ezilandelayo

1. Ukulawula ukungcoliswa kwama-stack liner, imigudu, ama-dampers, izikhuhla, izifudumezi zegesi ezipakishiwe, amafeni namashubhu abalandeli

2. I-flue gas desulfurization system

3. Izingxenye zokucubungula amakhemikhali njengezishintshisi zokushisa, imikhumbi yokusabela, ama-evaporator, namapayipi okulethwa

4. Imithombo yegesi yesibabule

5. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Pulp nephepha

6. Ukulahlwa kukadoti

7. Imishini yokukhiqiza imithi nokudla

Kunezinyathelo ezinkulu eziyi-9 lapho ushisela i-Hastelloy C-276:

1. Ukuhlanza ngaphambi kokushisela
Njengoba ukungcola nama-oxides kunamathela ebusweni be-Hastelloy, indawo yokushisela kufanele ihlanzwe ngaphambi kokushisela. Indlela yokuhlanza ingaba ukuhlanza ngomshini, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa i-angle grinder ukupholisha indawo yokushisela kuze kube yilapho ukucwebezela kwensimbi kuvezwa. Ububanzi bokuhlanza kufanele bube ngaphezu kwe-100mm ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola akungeni endaweni yokushisela.

2. Indlela yokushisela
Lapho welding, indlela yokuxhumana yamanje eqondile ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukushisela. Uma uxhumano lwamanje oluqondile lusetshenziswa, izinga lokushisa lebanga le-tungsten liphansi, i-current evumelekile inkulu, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwebanga le-tungsten kuncane. Ukuphela kwebanga le-tungsten kuphansi ku-30 ​​°, futhi ikhanda liphansi kancane.

3. Ukuvikelwa kwegesi
I-Hastelloy C-276 kumele athathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukwehla kokungagqwala kokugqwala kwendawo ethintekile kanye nokushisa, njenge-gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), i-gas metal arc welding (GMAW), i-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi, noma enye indlela yokushisela enganciphisa ukwehla. ekumelaneni nokugqwala kwama-welds nezindawo ezithinteke ukushisa.

"I-Special Steel 100 Seconds" ibheka ukuthi umphumela wokuvikela igesi ye-argon usobala: ukuvikela okuhle, ukushisa okugxilile, ikhwalithi enhle ye-weld, indawo encane ethinteke ukushisa, ukuguqulwa okuncane kwe-weldment, ukunciphisa ukwehla kokumelana nokugqwala kwe-weld nokushisa. -indawo ethintekile.

4. Ukuqeqeshwa okuwusizo
Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukucubungula ngomshini noma ukucubungula okubandayo kuma-welding grooves ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwakheka, usayizi, kanye nokuqina kwendawo ecutshunguliwe kuhambisana nezidingo zokudweba noma imithetho yenqubo yokushisela. Ukucutshungulwa komshini we-groove ngaphambi kwe-welding kuzodala ukuqina komsebenzi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukugaya i-groove eyenziwe ngomshini ngaphambi kokushisela. Ama-Welding grooves akufanele abe neziphambeko ezifana ne-delamination, ukugoqa, imifantu, nezinyembezi.

Pholisha indawo yensimbi ngaphakathi kwendawo yokushisela kanye nobubanzi obungu-50mm nhlangothi zombili ukuze ususe umbala we-oxidation, futhi uyihlanze ngezincibilikisi ezingena-oxide ezifana ne-ethanol, i-acetone, noma i-propanol ukuze ususe amafutha, umswakama, amamaki woshoki, nokunye ukungcola. I-solvent yokudweba kufanele kube yi-Caiying Clean Use lesikhumba esingena-lint noma isipontshi se-cellulose. I-“Special Steel 100 Seconds” isikhumbuza ukuthi izinto zokushisela ezingenamsebenzi nezinto eziyingozi ezingutsheni nasezicathulweni ezingcolile zabasebenzi kufanele kugwenywe ukuthintana nocezu lokusebenza ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa kocwecwe lokusebenza.

5. Ukukhetha izinto zokushisela
Okunconyiwe: Sebenzisa i-ERNiCrMo-4 intambo yokushisela kanye ne-ENiCrMo-4 njengenduku yokushisela. Lolu hlobo lwentambo yokushisela lunokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokusebenza kwenqubo. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali kufana nalokhu kwensimbi eyisisekelo futhi okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-manganese kuphakeme kunaleyo yensimbi eyisisekelo. Ingathuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka nokulawula i-porosity ngesikhathi sokushisela. Ikhabhoni ene-ultra-low ikakhulukazi isiza ukuvikela ubungozi bokugqwala kwe-intergranular.

6. Ukushisa nokushisa kwe-interlayer
I-Hastelloy welding ekamelweni lokushisa ngokuvamile ayidingi ukushisa kwangaphambili. Kuphela uma izinga lokushisa emoyeni lingaphansi kwe-zero noma umswakama unqwabelana, isisekelo sensimbi sidinga ukushiswa, kodwa izinga lokushisa lokushisa lidinga kuphela ukufinyelela ku-30-40 ° C.

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, insimbi yokushisela izokwakha inhlanganisela yensimbi ye-Fe-Cr, okungukuthi isigaba se-σ, ekushiseni okuphezulu (375-875) isikhathi eside. Isigaba sika-σ siqine ngokwedlulele futhi sishwabene futhi sisatshalaliswa emingceleni yokusanhlamvu, okubangela Ukuqina komthelela wensimbi yokushisela ukuncipha futhi ibe mnyama.

Uma usebenzisa i-welding enezingqimba eziningi, izinga lokushisa le-interlayer kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-90 ° C ukuze kuvinjelwe ubude obuningi obungu-375-875 ° C ekubangeleni ukuguqulwa kwesigaba sika-σ.

7. Izinyathelo zokuqapha lapho ushisela
Ukuze unciphise okokufaka kokushisa kwe-welding, zama ukusebenzisa i-welding current encane kanye nendlela yokushisela esheshayo yokushisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-Hastelloy kulula ukuqhekeka endaweni yokuvala i-arc, i-arc crater kufanele igcwaliswe lapho i-arc ivala. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukushisela i-arc futhi, i-arc crater yangaphambilini kufanele ipholishwe, bese ihlanzwa ngebhulashi elithambile ngaphambi kokuqhubeka. Ukushisela okulandelayo. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezimbili zingavimbela ukuvela kwemifantu eshisayo.

Amajoyinti ashiselwe asengozini yokugqwala kwe-intergranular. Kubandakanya ukugqwala kwe-intergranular of welds, "ukugqwala kommese" endaweni eshisa kakhulu eduze komugqa wokuhlanganisa, kanye nokugqwala okuphakathi nendawo ezingeni lokushisa elizwelayo lendawo ethinteke ukushisa.

8. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-post-weld
Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezinokhahlo kakhulu, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-C-276 nezinto zokushisela kufanele ziphathwe ngesixazululo sokushisa ukuze kutholwe ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono kakhulu.

I-Hastelloy C-276 alloy material solid solution solution treatment, "insimbi ekhethekile imizuzwana eyi-100" ibhekwa njengehlanganisa izinqubo ezimbili: (1) ukushisa ku-1040 ~ 1150; (2) ukupholisa ngokushesha esimweni esimnyama (cishe 400) phakathi nemizuzu emibili, Izinto eziphathwa ngale ndlela zinokumelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ngakho-ke, akusebenzi ukwenza kuphela ukwelashwa kokushisa okukhulula ingcindezi ku-Hastelloy C-276 alloy. Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ubuso be-alloy kusuka emafutheni amafutha nokunye ukungcola okungase kukhiqize izakhi zekhabhoni ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa ukushisa.

Ubuso be-Hastelloy C-276 ingxubevange izokhiqiza ama-oxides ngesikhathi sokushisela noma ukwelashwa kokushisa, okuzonciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-Cr ku-alloy futhi kuthinte ukumelana nokugqwala, ngakho-ke indawo kufanele ihlanzwe. Ungasebenzisa ibhulashi locingo lwensimbi engagqwali noma isondo lokugaya, bese ucwilisa engxubeni ye-nitric acid ne-hydrofluoric acid ngesilinganiso esifanele sokukhetha, bese ekugcineni uhlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile.

9. Izinyathelo zokuqapha amathuluzi wokushisela
Amathuluzi okucubungula kufanele kube amathuluzi okuhlanza akhethekile ama-nickel alloys. Lawa mathuluzi kufanele agcinwe ngokuhlukana futhi amakwe ukuvimbela ukudideka namanye amathuluzi.

Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuvinjelwe umshini wokusebenza ukuthi ungathintani nezinsimbi ezinamaphoyinti aphansi ancibilika ukuze ugweme ukucwiliswa kwezinsimbi ezingazinzile okubangelwa ukwanda kwekhabhoni noma isulfure. Ukusetshenziswa kukashoki we-thermometer, uyinki, namafutha kufanele futhi kube nomkhawulo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.

Isondo lokugaya elisetshenziselwa ukugaya i-workpiece kufanele lingabi nensimbi, futhi okunamathelayo akufanele kube yi-organic resin.

Ukuma kwemishini yezingxenye zokushisela ingcindezi ngaphambi kokushisela kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa inqubo efanayo neyokushisela okusemthethweni okufanelekile, futhi i-weld yokumisa kufanele ekugcineni incibilikiswe ibe yi-weld unomphela. Izingxenye zokushisela azivunyelwe ukuphoqelelwa ukuba zihlangane ukuze kubangele ukuqina kwendawo kwezingxenye zokushisela.

intengo ye-Brushed Stainless Steel Pipe

Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi Bepayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali Elixutshiwe kanye Nepayipi Lensimbi Engenasici

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Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elixutshiwe linomumo ofana nosilika phezu kwensimbi engagqwali, okuwubuchwepheshe bokucubungula bensimbi engagqwali. Indawo engaphezulu i-matte, inomkhondo wokuthungwa kuyo, kodwa ayikwazi ukuthintwa. Ingagugi kakhulu kunamapayipi ensimbi engenasici agqamile. Inqubo yokudweba ngezintambo izolahlekelwa ukushuba kwepayipi lensimbi engagqwali ngokwezinga elithile, ngokuvamile 0.1 ~ 0.2mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izintende ziqukethe uwoyela nomjuluko, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali abhulashiwe azoshiya izigxivizo zeminwe ezisobala lapho ethintwa njalo futhi adinga ukukhuhlwa njalo.

intengo ye-Brushed Stainless Steel Pipe

Isibuko sepayipi lensimbi engagqwali iyipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elipholishwa kulo ubuso bombhobho ngokusebenzisa izinto zokupholisha, okwenza ipayipi libe bushelelezi futhi libe lihle njengesibuko. Imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi engenasici ye-Mirror isetshenziswa kabanzi kumaphrojekthi wokwakha, umhlobiso wezinto zokwakha, amaphrojekthi okuhlambalaza okuvikela, njll.

Kafushane, izimo zokusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi engenasici kanye nesibuko amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ziyefana. Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elibhrashiwe linendawo emangelengele. Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali engu-8K linendawo ebushelelezi njengesibuko. Insimbi engagqwali exutshiwe ikhiqizwa ngokugaya ngesondo lokugaya, elilula kakhulu. Ungqimba oluvikelayo olungaphezulu lulimale kancane ngemva kokudweba, ngakho ingaphezulu lesibuko sepayipi lensimbi engagqwali liqinile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside.

intengo ye-titanium alloy

Yiziphi izindlela zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula indawo ye-titanium alloy?

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Yiziphi izindlela zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula indawo ye-titanium alloy?

1. Khetha ithuluzi lokusika elifanele

Ubunzima bokucubungula i-titanium alloy buhlobene kakhulu nezici zezinto zayo. I-conductivity yayo ephansi yokushisa, amandla aphezulu, kanye ne-plasticity ephansi konke kuzoba nomthelela othile kwinqubo yokusika. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha amathuluzi okusika afanelekile kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi ye-titanium alloy ukucubungula kwendawo. Amanye amathuluzi akhethekile wokucubungula i-titanium alloy, njenge-engeli ye-cutting edge, impahla yekhanda lamathuluzi, njll., adinga ukucatshangelwa.

2. Ukulawula okunengqondo kwamapharamitha wenqubo

Ukuze kucutshungulwe indawo ye-titanium alloy, amapharamitha enqubo ahlukene azoba nemiphumela ehlukile kukhwalithi yokucubungula. Ukulawula okunengqondo kwamapharamitha afana nesivinini sokucubungula, isivinini sokusika, nokujula kokusika kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuhwashala kwendawo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokucutshungulwa kwe-titanium alloy surface.

3. Qinisekisa ukucubungula izimo zokugcoba

Inqubo yokwenza imishini ye-titanium alloys kudinga izimo ezinhle zokugcoba, ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzoholela kalula ekushiseni kwamathuluzi okusika, ukulimala kwendawo, njll., ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ikhwalithi yokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha uketshezi olufanele lokusika futhi ulawule ngokunengqondo izimo zokugcoba ngomshini.

4. Naka izinkinga ngesikhathi sokucubungula

Ngaphezu kwalezi zici ezingenhla, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kwezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa okungalungile kwendawo, ingxoxo, ukudlidliza, nezinye izinkinga phakathi nokucubungula kungase kuthinte ikhwalithi yokucubungula indawo ye-titanium alloy. Ngakho-ke, ukunaka imininingwane kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokucubungula ukugwema lezi zinkinga.

Kafushane, isihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula indawo ye-titanium alloys ukucabangela ngokucophelela amathuluzi okusika, imingcele yokucubungula, izimo zokugcoba, nezinye izici, futhi unake ngokukhethekile imininingwane ethile phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula. Kuphela ngokucabangela lezi zici can ikhwalithi ye-titanium alloy surface processing ngcono ngempumelelo.

izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-titanium

Ungayithola kanjani ikhwalithi ephezulu ekucutshungulweni kwezingxenye ezingajwayelekile ze-titanium?

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Ukuze uthole izinga eliphezulu ku i-titanium izingxenye ezingajwayelekile zicutshungulwa, ungaqala kokulandelayo:

1. Isiteji sokuklama:

Cabangela ngokugcwele izidingo nezimfuneko zamakhasimende ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukwakheka kwezingxenye ezingajwayelekile kungahlangabezana nemisebenzi ethile kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa.

Uma kucatshangelwa ukwenziwa kanye nokugcinwa kwezingxenye ezingajwayelekile, izibonelelo ezifanele zokucubungula kufanele zigcinwe ngesikhathi sokuklama futhi isakhiwo kufanele senziwe lula ukuze kube lula ukucutshungulwa nokunakekelwa.

2. Ukukhetha okubalulekile:

Ukukhetha izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-titanium kuyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi isiyonke yezingxenye ezingajwayelekile. Izinto ze-Titanium kufanele zibe nezakhi zamakhemikhali ezinhle kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izingxenye ezicutshunguliwe zinezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

3. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula:

Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuthuthukisiwe, obufana ne-CNC precision machining, kungathuthukisa ukunemba kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yendawo. Imishini ye-CNC ingaqinisekisa ukunemba kwe-dimensional nokuvumelana kwezingxenye kuyilapho kunciphisa amaphutha abantu.

Uma kucatshangelwa ubunzima bomshini we-titanium, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi nemingcele yokusika efanele ukwenziwa kwe-titanium. Izinto ze-Titanium athambekele emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngomshini, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa isipholile esisebenzayo kanye nesivinini sokusika esifanele ukulawula izinga lokushisa.

4. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi:

Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, izinyathelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi kufanele zisetshenziswe, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukuqapha inqubo yokucubungula, nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo ophelile.

Gcina futhi ulinganise imishini yokucubungula njalo ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuzinza kwemishini.

5. Ithimba lochwepheshe:

Sungula ithimba lezobuchwepheshe elinolwazi olucebile nolwazi lobuchwepheshe ku i-titanium material processing, engaxazulula ngokuphumelelayo izinkinga ezihlangabezane nazo ngesikhathi sokucubungula.

6. Ukwesekwa kochungechunge lwezimboni:

Isebenzisa uchungechunge lwezimboni zesifunda, isibonelo, i-Baoji inochungechunge lwemboni ye-titanium oluphelele, olungahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezibanzi nokusekelwa okuvela ezingots ze-titanium ekukhiqizeni nasekucutshungulweni kwezingxenye ze-titanium.

Okungenhla kungathuthuka kakhulu ikhwalithi ye-titanium izingxenye ezingajwayelekile zicutshungulwa futhi zihlangabezane nezidingo zezimboni ezithile zezingxenye ezingezona ezijwayelekile ezisebenza kahle.

ukunemba steel ipayipi umphakeli

Ucwaningo ngethonya lenqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi elinembayo ezintweni ezibonakalayo.

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Ucwaningo ngethonya lenqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi elinembayo ezintweni ezibonakalayo

ukunemba steel ipayipi umphakeli

Njengepayipi lekhwalithi ephezulu, ipayipi lensimbi elinembile lisetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, embonini yamakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, imishini, i-aerospace, neminye imikhakha. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yayo inomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, okuhlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo. Lesi sihloko sizokwenza ucwaningo olujulile nokuhlaziya ngomthelela wenqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi anembayo ezintweni ezibonakalayo.

Inqubo Yokukhiqiza yamapayipi ensimbi anembayo
Izinqubo zokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi anembayo ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa ukugoqa okushisayo nokugoqa okubandayo. I-hot rolling ibhekisela ekugoqeni amapayipi ensimbi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze akhubazeke futhi athole umumo nosayizi oyifunayo. Cold rolling amapayipi ensimbi ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze athole izilinganiso ezinembe kakhudlwana kanye nendawo ebushelelezi. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ipayipi lensimbi nalo lidinga ukuqondisa, ukuhushulwa, ukucishwa, ukufutheka, nokunye ukwelashwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwawo.

Umthelela wenqubo yokukhiqiza ezintweni ezibonakalayo
1. Umthelela wenqubo yokugoqa okushisayo
Inqubo yokugoqa eshisayo inomthelela omkhulu ezintweni ezibonakalayo zamapayipi ensimbi enembile. Uma ugoqa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okusanhlamvu ngaphakathi kwepayipi yensimbi kuzokhubaza, ngaleyo ndlela kucwengisise okusanhlamvu futhi kuthuthukise amandla nokuqina kwezinto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umphumela wokuqinisa umsebenzi okhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa eshisayo ungathuthukisa ubulukhuni nokugqoka ukumelana kwepayipi yensimbi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa kokushisa okushisayo kanye nesikhathi kufanele kube ngokufanele, ngaphandle kwalokho amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka nezimbobo kuzovela ngaphakathi kwepayipi yensimbi, okuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo.

2. Umthelela wenqubo yokugoqa ebandayo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuginqika okushisayo, inqubo yokugoqa ebandayo inomthelela omncane kukho izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zokunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi. Lapho ugoqa ekamelweni lokushisa, okusanhlamvu ngaphakathi kwepayipi yensimbi ngeke kudlule ukuguqulwa okuphawulekayo, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nomphumela wokuqina womsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ukugoqa okubandayo kungalawula ngokunembile usayizi nokuma kwamapayipi ensimbi, kuthuthukise ukunemba kwawo kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugoqa okubandayo okufanele kungathuthukisa amandla okuphoqeleka kanye nokungena kazibuthe kwamapayipi ensimbi, kuyenze ifaneleke kakhulu ukukhiqiza izinto ezinozibuthe ezinembayo eziphezulu, ezisebenza kakhulu.

3. Umthelela wenqubo yokudonsa
I-Annealing iyisixhumanisi esibalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi anembayo. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokugoqa futhi wenze isakhiwo sangaphakathi sepayipi yensimbi ibe yinto efanayo futhi zizinzile. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa le-annealing nesikhathi kunethonya elikhulu ukusebenza kwamapayipi ensimbi ngokunemba. Uma izinga lokushisa le-anneal liphezulu kakhulu noma isikhathi siside kakhulu, izinhlamvu ezingaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi zizokhula, zinciphise amandla ayo kanye nokuqina; uma izinga lokushisa le-anneal liphansi kakhulu noma isikhathi sifushane kakhulu, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi akukwazi ukuqedwa futhi ipayipi yensimbi izolimala ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokusetshenziswa okulandelayo. Izinkinga ezifana ne-deformation kanye nokuqhekeka zingase zenzeke kalula.

4. Umthelela wokucisha kanye nezinqubo zokushisa
Ukucisha kuyinqubo lapho ipayipi lensimbi lishiswa ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi bese lipholiswa ngokushesha ukuze lithole isakhiwo se-martensite. I-Tempering ishisa kabusha ipayipi lensimbi elicishiwe liye ezingeni lokushisa elithile nokuyigcina ifudumele isikhathi esithile ukuze kunzinziswe isakhiwo senhlangano futhi kuqede ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi. Inqubo yokucisha nokushisa inomthelela omkhulu ukusebenza kwamapayipi ensimbi ngokunemba. Ukulawulwa kokushisa kokucima kanye nesikhathi kunquma ubuningi nokusabalalisa kwe-martensite, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ubulukhuni namandla wepayipi yensimbi; ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa lokushisa nesikhathi kunquma ukuzinza nokuqina kwesakhiwo senhlangano. Izinqubo ezifanele zokucisha nokushisa zingenza ukunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi abe nokuqina okuhle nokuqina kuyilapho egcina ubulukhuni obuphezulu namandla.

3. Isiphetho
The inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi ngokunemba kunomthelela omkhulu ezimpahleni zabo ezibonakalayo. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphusile zingenza ukunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi abe namandla amahle, ukuqina, ukuqina, ukuqina, nezinye izakhiwo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zesicelo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezidingeka kakhulu. Ukuthola izakhiwo zempahla ezingcono, kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokwandisa amapharamitha wenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlolwa, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukuqinisa ucwaningo oluyisisekelo futhi uthole ukuqonda okujulile kokuxhumana kwangaphakathi nemithetho phakathi kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo zamapayipi ensimbi anembile, ukunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuthuthukisa intuthuko esimeme yokunemba. imboni yamapayipi ensimbi.