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Nickel-based alloys are excellent corrosion-resistant alloys. NICKEL200 has high corrosion resistance in many substances and even strong corrosive substances. Nickel-based alloys have excellent physical properties and process properties, but they are generally not used casually because of their high price. However, due to the development trend of high main parameters (temperature, working pressure, substance concentration) in the whole process of chemical plants, there are more and more places with highly corrosive substances, and the corrosion standards are becoming more and more stringent. Therefore, commonly used equipment is not only required to resist general corrosion but also more and more resistant to pitting corrosion, stress corrosion, crevice corrosion, etc. When selecting raw materials, not only the one-time project investment cost, but also the cost of maintenance, depreciation, downtime losses, and safety factors must be considered. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the stability of the long-term operation of machinery and equipment. This factor contributes to the increasingly common use of nickel-based alloys with high corrosion resistance.

At this stage, most of the nickel-based alloys commonly used in the manufacturing industry use international standard models. Therefore, the following is a brief and detailed introduction to pure nickel, dominated by the nickel-based deformed aluminum alloy of the American model.

Pure nickel has good corrosion resistance in a hot concentrated lye solution, does not cause alkali ductile stress corrosion cracking, and has excellent corrosion resistance to water, seawater, and high-temperature dry fluorine, but is not resistant to oxidizing acid and aqueous solution with reducing agent and its corrosion resistance. Corrosion of most molten metal materials. It can corrode and become brittle in the gas with high-temperature sulfur content. With the increase of nickel content in stainless steel and nickel-based alloys, the corrosion resistance in dilute hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and ammonium sulfate is significantly enhanced, and the stress corrosion resistance in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is also significantly enhanced. The corrosion resistance in caustic soda solution is basically positively related to the nickel content.

For a pure nickel, the market generally mainly includes NICKEL200 and NICKEL201.

NICKEL200 Ingredients:

Carbon C≤0.15

Silicon Si≤0.35

Manganese Mn≤0.35

Sulfur S≤0.01

Nickel Ni+Cobalt Co is higher than or equal to 99

Copper Cu≤0.25

Iron Fe≤0.4

The main use of NICKEL200: It is mainly used to solve the oxidizing halogen system vapor, alkali solution, non-reducing acid salt, organic acid, and other machinery and equipment and components, in the natural environment where the temperature should be less than 315 degrees. The corrosion resistance of NICKEL200: Corrosion is relatively slow in the air, and HCl in various sulfuric acids in the sea has excellent corrosion resistance, but it should be used with caution in HIC acid with high water flow, and it is not easy to use in H3PO4 and HNO3 In H2SO4, which is only used to block gas, it has very good corrosion resistance in HF without water at high temperature, and has excellent corrosion resistance in high-temperature chlorine and HCl, and has excellent corrosion resistance in chlorine and fluorine gas. Corrosion resistance.

A Titanium heat exchanger is an excellent piece of equipment with high heat exchange efficiency, simple structure, and durability, and can prevent damage to the heat exchange tube formed by the impact of fluid. Its structural performance is described as follows:
1. A buffer plate and a diversion hole are arranged under the dual-purpose liquid inlet and outlet of the equipment, which can buffer the impact of the fluid with a higher flow rate at the liquid inlet on the heat exchange tube below, and prevent the heat exchange tube row from being impacted by the fluid for a long time. The deformation of the pipe body, the breakage of the interface, etc. are damaged.

2. The buffer plate and the diversion hole can also slow down the flow rate and improve the heat exchange efficiency; in addition, the heat exchange tube frame is formed by the long heat exchange tube and the short heat exchange tube, and the short heat exchange tube forms the heat exchange tube row so that the fluid is When passing through the titanium heat exchanger from top to bottom or from top to bottom, while continuously exchanging heat with the long heat exchange tube, it also needs to pass through the heat exchange tube row, which slows down the flow rate of the fluid and increases The heat exchange area and the short heat exchange tubes with oblate cross-sections can further increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
3. The heat exchange tube row and the horizontal plane are at an angle of 0-45 degrees, so you can choose a suitable angle according to your needs to adjust the size of the slow flow effect. gaseous fluid.

4. The dual-purpose liquid inlet and outlet, and the outlet and air inlet realize the dual purpose of liquid phase and gas phase fluid. When the gas is exchanging heat, the air is fed from the lower liquid outlet and inlet dual-purpose port and is discharged from the liquid and gas phase. The upper liquid inlet and outlet are used for the air outlet, and when liquid heat exchange is performed, the liquid is supplied from the upper liquid inlet and outlet, and the liquid is discharged from the lower liquid inlet and outlet.
5. In a word, this high-efficiency and durable titanium heat exchanger has a simple structure, high heat-exchange efficiency, can prevent the damage of the heat-exchange tubes caused by fluid impact and is suitable for use in various heat-exchange links in industry and life.

TC4 titanium alloy is an α-β type titanium alloy successfully developed by the United States in 1954, containing 6% α stable element and 4% β stable element V. The nominal composition of it is 7.0 aluminum equivalent, molybdenum equivalent 2.9, and contains 10%-15% beta phase in the annealed state. Al improves the room temperature strength and thermal strength properties of alloys by solid solution strengthening α phase in the Ti-Al-V system, while V is one of the few alloying elements that can improve both strength and plasticity in titanium alloys. The beneficial effect of V on the plasticity of titanium alloys is that it does not increase the c/a-axis ratio of the α-state lattice-like most alloying elements, but reduces the ratio, thereby increasing the formation of α-phase and avoiding long-term use. Alloy embrittlement occurs during the process.

The main features of TC4 titanium alloy are excellent comprehensive performance and good process performance. It has moderate room temperature strength and high-temperature strength, good creep resistance and thermal stability, high fatigue resistance and crack propagation resistance in seawater, and satisfactory fracture toughness and thermal salt stress corrosion resistance, The sensitivity to hydrogen is also smaller than that of TC2 and TC1 alloys. It is suitable for the manufacture of various parts that work in a wide temperature range of -196~450 °C, especially the parts designed with the principle of damage tolerance limit. TC4 also has excellent process plasticity and superplasticity, suitable for forming with various pressure processing methods, and welding and machining in various ways.

The main semi-finished forms of TC4 titanium alloy are bars, forgings, sheets, thick plates, profiles, wires, etc., and are also used for castings (ZTC4).

TC4ELI Titanium Alloy

TC4ELI is an improved version of TC4, the main difference is the different Al content and lower content of interstitial elements Fe, N, H, and O.

TC4ELI titanium alloy has become a medical-surgical implant due to its good biocompatibility, low elastic modulus, low density, good corrosion resistance, non-toxicity, high yield strength, long fatigue life, and large plasticity at room temperature, and easy forming. ideal material. Medical TC4ELI titanium alloy sheet is mainly used for skull repair, bone setting, etc., which has higher requirements on its strength, fatigue life, and plasticity.

Titanium alloy is an alloy composed of titanium elements and other elements. Titanium has two kinds of isomorphic crystals: titanium is an allotrope with a melting point of 1668 °C, and it is a close-packed hexagonal lattice structure below 882 °C, called α-titanium; above 882 °C, it is body-centered cubic. A lattice structure is called beta-titanium. Using the different characteristics of the above two structures of titanium, appropriate alloying elements are added to gradually change the phase transition temperature and component content to obtain titanium alloys with different structures.

On the basis of TC4 alloy, TC4 ELI titanium alloy reduces the content of interstitial elements C, O, N and impurity element Fe, and the strength is reduced, but the capacity and toughness can be significantly improved. TC4 ELI has good plasticity, toughness, good welding performance, and low-temperature performance, and is widely used in important fields such as low-temperature engineering, medical treatment, ships, and aircraft.

TC4 alloy can be used in an ordinary environment or high-temperature environment, and TC4 ELI alloy can be used in an ultra-low temperature environment

Similar grades of TC4 titanium alloy and TC4ELI titanium alloy are T-6A-4V/Grade 5 (American grade), BT 6 (Russian grade), IMI 318 (British grade), TiAI6V4 (German grade).

Medical equipment manufacturing In the human body, the bone and joint damage caused by trauma and tumor, artificial joints, bone plates, and screws are made of titanium and titanium alloys, which are now widely used in clinical practice. Also used in hip joints (including femoral heads), knee joints, elbow joints, metacarpophalangeal joints, interphalangeal joints, mandibles, artificial vertebral bodies (spinal orthoses), pacemaker housings, artificial hearts (heart valves), artificial dental implants, titanium-nickel dental orthodontics and titanium mesh in cranioplasty, etc.

Titanium and titanium alloys are receiving increasing attention due to their high specific strength, good biocompatibility, and good resistance to body fluid corrosion.

Ti 6Al-4V ELI is a grade of Ti 6Al-4V with a smaller structure gap, which can achieve maximum toughness and is suitable for seawater and low-temperature environments. This grade of alloy is usually used in the annealed condition. Ti 6Al-4V is a good choice for medical implants.

The production process is: relaxation annealing and air cooling at 900-120 degrees Fahrenheit for 1-4 hours. Double annealed, round bars and forgings are solution annealed at a beta transition temperature of 50-100 degrees Fahrenheit, held for at least 1 hour and then air-cooled, then reheated at 1300-1400 degrees Fahrenheit for at least 1 hour, air-cooled. Relaxation annealing is suitable after welding

When we purchase stainless steel pipes, we will find out why the price difference between thin and thick stainless steel pipes of the same material can be one or two thousand? What is the reason?

This is because, in addition to material, precision, surface, and wall thickness is also a factor that affects the price. Under the same conditions, the price of thin walls is generally higher than that of thick walls. In the final analysis, it is because of cost. So, let’s take a closer look at why the thinner the wall thickness of the stainless steel pipe, the more expensive it is?

1. Calendering problem

The process level of the product also has a great influence on the price of the product, and the stainless steel tube rolling process is one of the more important processes.

The exact thickness of the pipe is inseparable from the rolling quality of its steel strip, but the cost of rolling is divided according to the thickness. The rolling thickness of the steel strip is different, and the rolling cost is also different. The thinner the thickness, the required the rolling processing fee will be more expensive.

In addition, the thickness or thicker that is not often made will also increase the cost of rolling, which will directly lead to an increase in the price of stainless steel pipes.

2. Yield problem

Each thickness of pipe has its own thickness range. Generally, the thickness that is more popular in precision stainless steel pipes is the thickness of 0.40mm and above, and the yield of such thick pipes is relatively high during pipe making and polishing.

However, the actual situation is that the needs of customers are constantly changing, and some of them will have thin-walled tubes. Like stainless steel precision tubes with a solid thickness of 0.25mm to 0.31mm, the thickness of the steel strip is relatively thin, the requirements for tube making or polishing are relatively high, and the yield is relatively low, so the higher the scrap rate.

Therefore, the cost of the finished product will go up accordingly, and the price will naturally be expensive.

3. Damage rate problem

For some thin pipes, not only the yield is low when making pipes, but also part of the damage during storage and transportation.

Because the inner wall of the pipe is relatively thin, the damage rate is higher than that of the thicker pipe, whether it is the manufacturer’s storage or logistics transportation, which also involves the problem of damage compensation, so the price of the thinner pipe will be relatively higher.

Finally, thick stainless steel pipe manufacturers are going to say goodbye to everyone here. If you want to know more relevant knowledge, follow us!