Common quality problems and solutions of titanium-steel clad plates

Titanium-steel clad plate is produced by explosive compounding or explosion-rolling compounding, which has both excellent properties and low cost. In explosive composite production, the common quality problems of composite panels are mainly failure to fit after an explosion, insufficient bonding rate, insufficient bonding strength, and local surface defects of a titanium layer and steel layer such as pits, cracks, etc. The main reasons are
The problem of non-fitting of explosions is mainly due to improper selection of explosion process parameters, inappropriate selection of explosives, and appropriate gaps, which will result in a large number of explosions that do not fit or the gas in the gaps is not completely discharged, resulting in local hollowing; especially in After annealing and heat treatment, due to the thermal expansion of the gas, the cladding bulge will form a local bulge.
The problem of low bonding strength is mainly caused by inappropriate explosive welding parameters, such as a small number of explosives, a small gap, or a large area of ​​melting.
The problem of large-area melting is mainly caused by the fact that the gas that is too late to escape is trapped on the bonding interface and is subsequently compressed adiabatically under high pressure. After prying open the cladding and the substrate, it can be found, that is, the phenomenon of false bonding.

In response to these problems, the preventive measures that need to be taken during manufacture are mainly as follows:
1. Adhere to the incoming material re-inspection system, and the bonding condition of the composite board should be non-destructively tested one by one. The focus is on areas such as sheet edges, detonation points, etc. 100%UT+100%PT detection can be performed.
2. The mechanical properties of the composite plates are re-examined one by one to verify the shear properties after annealing to prevent defects in subsequent production. At the same time, a face-to-back bending test was carried out to verify the bonding performance.
3. When bending operation is required for composite plates such as reels and stamping heads, the edges of the titanium composite plates should be peeled off cleanly. When the temperature is low, it should be heated to a certain temperature before bending to prevent edge cracking.
4. During beveling and pipe drilling operations, the blanking and drilling operations should be processed from the titanium layer to the steel layer as much as possible to prevent the composite board from being torn or cracked.
5. For micro-cracks on the surface of the composite board, the defects must be removed before repair welding. Direct repair welding can be used for small cracks.
6. For the non-fitting found in the inspection process, if the area is large, the material must be replaced. If the area is small, a remedy can be used, and the non-bonded area is reinforced with titanium screws. Process first before proceeding with subsequent operations

Application of nickel copper alloy in space

As we all know, about 70% of the world’s nickel production is used in stainless steel production. Stainless steel was independently discovered by some researchers in 1912, but corrosion-resistant nickel base alloy was discovered earlier. In 1906, a nickel-copper (Ni Cu) alloy developed by inco was patented. The alloy has now developed into a group called Monel ® Two thirds of the nickel alloy is nickel and one-third is copper.

The strength of the nickel-copper alloy is higher than that of pure nickel, and it shows excellent corrosion resistance in a variety of non-oxidizing acid and alkaline environments (including rapidly flowing seawater). Nickel copper alloy can well withstand various concentrations of hydrofluoric acid in the temperature range up to the boiling point, and can withstand various forms of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid under reducing conditions.

characteristic

Nickel copper alloy also has excellent oxidation resistance (combustion resistance) in a high oxygen environment, and has excellent mechanical properties below zero and up to 550 ℃ (1020 ℉). Nickel copper alloys are easily made by hot working, cold working, machining, and welding. The most famous type of nickel-copper alloy is alloy 400 (n04400). Alloy 400 can only be hardened by cold work, but after the addition of aluminum and titanium in 1924, a higher strength age hardening product, K-500 (n05500), was produced. adopt γ For the deposition of phase particles, the yield strength reached 690 MPa (100 kilopounds per square inch), which was about three times higher than that of alloy 400 (n04400).

Space

Nickel copper alloys exist in pipes, bars, and wires for various space applications. The natural flame resistance of nickel-copper alloy in oxygen, its excellent properties at temperatures below zero, and the high strength of K-500 make this alloy an important material for the oxidizer side turbopump of oxygen-rich liquefied fuel rocket engines (such as blue origin be-4).

“Blue origin” uses three-dimensional additive manufacturing to manufacture many key components of ox booster pump (OBP). Its shell is a printed aluminum part, and all stages of the turbine are printed with K-500. Figure 1 shows the shell of the blue origin be-4ox booster pump. This manufacturing method can integrate complex internal flow channels into the shell, while it is much more difficult to manufacture this kind of shell by conventional methods. The nozzle and rotor of the hydraulic turbine are also made of three-dimensional printing, and the required fit can be achieved with only a small amount of machining.

Even today, nickel-copper alloys developed more than a century ago play a crucial role in high-demand frontier applications.

Application of titanium in new industrial fields

Titanium alloy is a relatively young metal. It has a history of 60 or 70 years since it was developed. After entering the 20th century, traditional steel and aluminum can no longer meet the needs of aerospace, navigation, and other fields. In 1954 Titanium alloy materials were developed by American companies.

Titanium alloy is an alloy composed of titanium and other elements. Titanium alloy materials have the characteristics of lightweight, high strength, low elasticity, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance. Titanium is also used, and there are many grades of titanium. Different industries will choose the appropriate grade of titanium according to their requirements. I believe that many people know this material because of a buzzword – “blind my titanium alloy eyes”! Many countries in the world have recognized the importance of titanium alloy materials, have successively carried out research and development on them, and have put them into practical applications. Let’s take a look at the application of titanium alloy in design. Lamborghini Lamborghini Aventador Estatura GXX uses a lot of carbon fiber and aviation-grade titanium alloy.

SP Engineering developed a complete set of the exhaust system and ECU improvements for the Ferrari 599, including a new catalytic converter and titanium alloy exhaust mid-tail section, and finally, the 6.0-liter V12 engine power was increased to 685 horsepower.

As Ducati’s flagship model, the 1199 Superleggera is equipped with a magnesium alloy unibody frame, magnesium alloy wheels, carbon fiber body panels, Brembo brakes, Akrapovic titanium exhaust, DWC head-up balance control system, DTC traction control system, EBC engine A series of high-tech auxiliary configurations such as braking system and DDA+ data analysis system.

Titanium “Devil” Motorcycle

3D printed titanium alloy bicycle frame Renishaw, the only metal additive manufacturing company in the UK, has teamed up with Empire Cycles, a British bicycle design, and manufacturer, to produce a 3D printed metal frame, using titanium alloy as the printing material. Thanks to topology optimization technology, the frame is not only stronger but also lighter, one-third lighter than normal materials. The shape can be adjusted at any time during the production of the frame, and it is more customizable and can be adjusted for each batch of products.

Most of the No.1 car designed by Paul Budnitz is made of titanium alloy, with a minimalist shape and lines, and there is no shortage of accessories, such as disc brakes, carbon fiber chain belts, quick-release devices, etc. Toys” famous designer.

3D Printed Titanium Headphones Japanese hi-fi company Final Audio Design (FAD) has partnered with NTT Data Engineering Systems and Probox Japan to design and manufacture the world’s first mass-produced 3D printed titanium headphones, dubbed ” Final Audio Design LAB 01″. Its casing was printed by NTT using an EOSINT M 280 3D printer from Germany’s EOS, a selective laser sintering (SLS) system for metal parts, made from titanium alloy Ti64 powder.

ID Mouse ID Mouse was designed by Intelligent-design in the Netherlands. The surface is made of titanium alloy, the metal wire drawing treatment is nobler, and the resin material is added. It is also worth mentioning that the mouse wheel uses the metal neodymium (Neodymium) that we are not familiar with. The material of “King of Permanent Magnet” is used in electronic machinery and other industries with excellent performance. There are also black and white options on the side of the mouse, which are simple and simple.

Titanium alloy straw, pure titanium alloy portable straw from Hong Kong cool geek. This straw can not only be used to suck drinks but can also be inserted directly into the fruit to drink juice. The straw also comes with a straw brush for easy cleaning.

Tool ring, made of titanium alloy, you can think of it as a Swiss army knife in a ring – the top of the ring hides four small tools inside, namely a bottle opener, a knife, a saw, and a small comb.

Jordan’s 22nd generation sneakers, its exposed interchangeable bearing posts can accommodate two cushioning systems. A reinforced titanium alloy shoe bone support plate provides support for the midfoot and arch of the foot. The design of this sneaker was inspired by the F-22 fighter jet.

Titanium alloy sci-fi music box, the whole body is constructed of titanium alloy, with a very sci-fi design. Three different kinds of music can be played on the left and right sides, the left is the “Star Wars” theme song, the episode from “The Empire Strikes Back” and the “Star Trek” theme; the right tune is Pink Floyd’s “Another Brick” in the Wall”, “Smoke on the Water” by Deep Purple’s and “Imagine” by John Lennon, limited to 66 pieces worldwide.

Titanium wine pitcher, from Japanese outdoor gear manufacturer Xuefeng, with an iconic minimalist design. The capacity of the jug is not large, but it is insulated from heat and cold due to the texture of titanium alloy, and it is resistant to corrosion. Whether in the city, the forest, or the fierce wasteland, taking a sip will make you more aware of the importance of preserving one’s personal space.

Coins with titanium, Tristan da Cunha with small pieces of Concorde titanium. The coin was minted in 2009 to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Concorde’s maiden flight. The coins are gold plated and each side contains a small piece of titanium taken from a Concorde, collect all the coins and you can build a miniature Concorde.

Cardiac stents, which first appeared in the 1980s, have gone through the development of metal stents, coated stents, and soluble stents. The main materials are stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy, or cobalt-chromium alloy.

Tips for purchasing 304 stainless steel water pipes

304 stainless steel water pipe is a long strip of steel with a hollow section and no joints around it. The steel pipe has a hollow section and is widely used as a pipeline for transporting fluids, such as pipelines for transporting oil, gas, water, and certain solid materials. When purchasing 304 stainless steel water pipes, pay attention to the following aspects:
To purchase 304 stainless steel water pipes, first look at the other party’s three certificates. Business license, organization code certificate. Those with a business license below 5 million are basically either marketing or small workshops. other relevant qualifications. Especially the special equipment manufacturing production license! With this, it is a qualified enterprise.
Looking at the performance of customers, especially those who have cooperated with the supply of large petrochemical enterprises, shows that the production capacity and quality are acceptable. A lot of performances will be messed up, so you can look at the other party’s contract if the performance is similar to your purchase purpose, if the other party can give it to you within half an hour, it is true. Through the introduction and description of suppliers in various industries in the market. In particular, the pertinent evaluation of the manufacturer by the dealer market customers has a great reference effect.
If it is a large number of purchases, you need to go to the field to inspect the other party’s workshop, production equipment, factory area, warehouse, testing methods, and equipment.
The above is the basic preparation work you need to do to use stainless steel water pipes. I hope everyone can purchase 304 stainless steel water pipes that meet the standards.

How to prevent copper oxidation during copper alloy surface treatment?

In the process of copper alloy surface treatment, after a period of storage, the surface of copper alloy will appear blackened and oxidized. After the surface of it is oxidized, it will seriously affect the quality, appearance, and service life of the product. In the process of its surface treatment, anti-oxidation treatment is a very important process. So, how to prevent copper oxidation during its surface treatment?

At present, the methods to prevent copper oxidation include passivation, electroless plating, electroplating, sealing, painting, and other processes. Among them, its passivation treatment is mature and easy to operate, which is favored by its surface treatment plants.
it passivation treatment process includes copper degreasing, copper derusting, copper polishing, copper passivation, and other processes. The pretreatment degreasing and rust removal processes are very important, they determine the quality and yield of the final product, and the passivation process determines the role of rust prevention and discoloration prevention.

copper alloy manufacturers

copper alloy manufacturers

In general, copper alloy passivation agent is a chromium-free passivation agent with good environmental protection performance and stable physical and chemical properties.

it passivation agent is non-toxic, odorless, non-volatile, non-deliquescent, non-decomposing, non-sublimating, and does not absorb dust and harmful gases such as H2S and SO2.

The copper parts treated with its passivation agent can effectively resist the erosion of it by hot and humid salt spray and bacteria, and have good wettability and high corrosion resistance.

its passivation agent has the triple functions of dehydration, discoloration prevention, and rust prevention, and the generated passivation film has better electrical properties.

That’s all for this episode! If you think the content of the copper alloy manufacturers is not bad, please pay attention to us! Your support is the driving force for us to persevere!

Solutions to 5 Defects in Laser Welding

With the advantages of high efficiency, high precision, good effect, and easy automation integration, laser welding is widely used in various industries and plays a pivotal role in industrial manufacturing, including military, medical, aerospace, 3C auto parts, mechanical sheet metal Gold, new energy, bathroom hardware, and other industries.

However, if any processing method does not master its principle and process, it will produce certain defects or defective products, and laser welding is no exception. Only by having a good understanding of these defects and learning how to avoid them can we better utilize the value of laser welding and process products with a beautiful appearance and high quality. Through a long-term accumulation of experience, engineers have summarized some solutions to common welding defects for your reference!

1. Cracks

The cracks generated in laser continuous welding are mainly thermal cracks, such as crystallization cracks, liquefaction cracks, etc. The reason is mainly caused by the large shrinkage force of the weld before it is completely solidified, and measures such as wire filling and preheating can be reduced. or eliminate cracks.

2. Stomata

Porosity is a defect that is easily generated in laser welding. The molten pool of laser welding is deep and narrow, and the cooling rate is fast. The gas generated in the liquid molten pool does not have enough time to escape, which easily leads to the formation of pores. However, laser welding cools quickly, and the pores generated are generally smaller than those of traditional fusion welding. Cleaning the surface of the workpiece before welding can reduce the tendency of porosity, and the direction of blowing will also affect the generation of porosity.

3. Splash

The spatter produced by laser welding seriously affects the surface quality of the weld and can contaminate and damage the lens. Spatter is directly related to power density, and appropriate reduction of welding energy can reduce spatter. If the penetration is insufficient, the welding speed can be reduced.

Four, undercut
If the welding speed is too fast, the liquid metal at the back of the small hole pointing to the center of the weld will not have time to redistribute and will solidify on both sides of the weld to form an undercut. If the joint assembly gap is too large, the molten metal of the caulking is reduced, and it is easy to produce undercuts. At the end of laser welding, if the energy decline time is too fast, the small hole easily collapses, resulting in the local undercut. Controlling the matching of power and speed can well solve the generation of the undercut.

Five, collapse
If the welding speed is slow, the molten pool is large and wide, the number of molten metal increases and the surface tension is difficult to maintain the heavier liquid metal, the center of the weld will sink, forming collapses and pits. At this time, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the energy density to avoid The molten pool collapsing.

By correctly understanding the defects generated in the laser welding process and understanding the causes of different defects, we can more target solve the problem of abnormal welds in laser welding.

What are the common problems in the processing of titanium alloys?

Titanium alloy has the characteristics of high strength, small specific gravity, corrosion resistance, low-temperature resistance, and high-temperature resistance. According to its annealed structure, it can be divided into α-phase titanium alloy, β-phase titanium alloy, and α-β-phase titanium alloy. α-phase titanium alloy (TA type) cannot be strengthened by heat treatment, so the room temperature performance is not high, it has moderate plasticity, and its machinability is acceptable. β-phase titanium alloy can obtain higher room temperature performance through quenching and aging treatment. When the αβ phase titanium alloy (TC type) is processed, the contact length between the chip and the front is short, and the cutting force acts near the cutting edge. Due to the small thermal conductivity, the temperature of the cutting edge is high, which accelerates the wear of the drill bit, and due to work hardening The phenomenon is more serious and the elastic coefficient is small, so the shrinkage of the drill hole is large, which also affects the life of the drill bit.

What is the corrosion resistance of pure nickel NICKEL200?

Nickel-based alloys are excellent corrosion-resistant alloys. NICKEL200 has high corrosion resistance in many substances and even strong corrosive substances. Nickel-based alloys have excellent physical properties and process properties, but they are generally not used casually because of their high price. However, due to the development trend of high main parameters (temperature, working pressure, substance concentration) in the whole process of chemical plants, there are more and more places with highly corrosive substances, and the corrosion standards are becoming more and more stringent. Therefore, commonly used equipment is not only required to resist general corrosion but also more and more resistant to pitting corrosion, stress corrosion, crevice corrosion, etc. When selecting raw materials, not only the one-time project investment cost, but also the cost of maintenance, depreciation, downtime losses, and safety factors must be considered. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the stability of the long-term operation of machinery and equipment. This factor contributes to the increasingly common use of nickel-based alloys with high corrosion resistance.

At this stage, most of the nickel-based alloys commonly used in the manufacturing industry use international standard models. Therefore, the following is a brief and detailed introduction to pure nickel, dominated by the nickel-based deformed aluminum alloy of the American model.

Pure nickel has good corrosion resistance in a hot concentrated lye solution, does not cause alkali ductile stress corrosion cracking, and has excellent corrosion resistance to water, seawater, and high-temperature dry fluorine, but is not resistant to oxidizing acid and aqueous solution with reducing agent and its corrosion resistance. Corrosion of most molten metal materials. It can corrode and become brittle in the gas with high-temperature sulfur content. With the increase of nickel content in stainless steel and nickel-based alloys, the corrosion resistance in dilute hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and ammonium sulfate is significantly enhanced, and the stress corrosion resistance in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is also significantly enhanced. The corrosion resistance in caustic soda solution is basically positively related to the nickel content.

NICKEL200 price

NICKEL200 price

For a pure nickel, the market generally mainly includes NICKEL200 and NICKEL201.

NICKEL200 Ingredients:

Carbon C≤0.15

Silicon Si≤0.35

Manganese Mn≤0.35

Sulfur S≤0.01

Nickel Ni+Cobalt Co is higher than or equal to 99

Copper Cu≤0.25

Iron Fe≤0.4

The main use of NICKEL200: It is mainly used to solve the oxidizing halogen system vapor, alkali solution, non-reducing acid salt, organic acid, and other machinery and equipment and components, in the natural environment where the temperature should be less than 315 degrees. The corrosion resistance of NICKEL200: Corrosion is relatively slow in the air, and HCl in various sulfuric acids in the sea has excellent corrosion resistance, but it should be used with caution in HIC acid with high water flow, and it is not easy to use in H3PO4 and HNO3 In H2SO4, which is only used to block gas, it has very good corrosion resistance in HF without water at high temperature, and has excellent corrosion resistance in high-temperature chlorine and HCl, and has excellent corrosion resistance in chlorine and fluorine gas. Corrosion resistance.

Why is stainless steel welded pipe more and more popular?

Stainless steel welded pipe has good compression resistance, corrosion resistance, stress corrosion resistance, etc., so it is widely used in various fields. Today, Xiaobian, Xiyouwo, a stainless steel pipe manufacturer in Foshan, will briefly summarize why stainless steel welded pipes are becoming more and more popular.

1. High precision

Welded pipe is a deep-processed product of sheet metal, and its advantages of uniform wall thickness are unparalleled. At the same time, it can be arbitrarily fixed, with high precision; the welding method is simple, the product specification range is wide, the surface is smooth, and the yield is high. The commonly used “welding-cold rolling” production process of stainless steel pipes, after slitting and forming cold-rolled coils according to specifications, is welded into pipes by multi-gun argon arc welding machines, and then cold-rolled (drawn) to make the welds. The various performance indicators of the product can be basically consistent with the base metal, and the product quality and precision are improved

stainless steel welded pipe

stainless steel welded pipe

2. Economic and environmental protection

In the production process of stainless steel welded pipe, the pipe body is evenly extruded, and then after online bright solid-melting annealing, the surface becomes very smooth, and the smooth surface is not easy to scale and has the function of anti-scale. This is good for heat dissipation and does not require frequent cleaning, saving time, effort and money.

Stainless steel welded pipe is a very energy-saving and environmentally friendly product, and stainless steel welded pipe can guarantee 100% recycling. Waste stainless steel welded pipes can also be recycled 100% without causing pollution, which is in line with the requirements of the scientific development concept of energy conservation and environmental protection advocated by the state.

The stainless steel welded pipe has a long service life. After a period of use, it is no different from the initial use and is durable.

With the wide use of stainless steel welded pipes, the advantages of stainless steel welded pipes have been recognized by people, and their application scope is also expanding. Stainless steel pipes have become an indispensable part of people’s lives and will play an important role in future economic construction.

What is the structural performance of the titanium heat exchanger?

A Titanium heat exchanger is an excellent piece of equipment with high heat exchange efficiency, simple structure, and durability, and can prevent damage to the heat exchange tube formed by the impact of fluid. Its structural performance is described as follows:
1. A buffer plate and a diversion hole are arranged under the dual-purpose liquid inlet and outlet of the equipment, which can buffer the impact of the fluid with a higher flow rate at the liquid inlet on the heat exchange tube below, and prevent the heat exchange tube row from being impacted by the fluid for a long time. The deformation of the pipe body, the breakage of the interface, etc. are damaged.

2. The buffer plate and the diversion hole can also slow down the flow rate and improve the heat exchange efficiency; in addition, the heat exchange tube frame is formed by the long heat exchange tube and the short heat exchange tube, and the short heat exchange tube forms the heat exchange tube row so that the fluid is When passing through the titanium heat exchanger from top to bottom or from top to bottom, while continuously exchanging heat with the long heat exchange tube, it also needs to pass through the heat exchange tube row, which slows down the flow rate of the fluid and increases The heat exchange area and the short heat exchange tubes with oblate cross-sections can further increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
3. The heat exchange tube row and the horizontal plane are at an angle of 0-45 degrees, so you can choose a suitable angle according to your needs to adjust the size of the slow flow effect. gaseous fluid.

4. The dual-purpose liquid inlet and outlet, and the outlet and air inlet realize the dual purpose of liquid phase and gas phase fluid. When the gas is exchanging heat, the air is fed from the lower liquid outlet and inlet dual-purpose port and is discharged from the liquid and gas phase. The upper liquid inlet and outlet are used for the air outlet, and when liquid heat exchange is performed, the liquid is supplied from the upper liquid inlet and outlet, and the liquid is discharged from the lower liquid inlet and outlet.
5. In a word, this high-efficiency and durable titanium heat exchanger has a simple structure, high heat-exchange efficiency, can prevent the damage of the heat-exchange tubes caused by fluid impact and is suitable for use in various heat-exchange links in industry and life.