the quality of stainless steel round steel

How to check the quality of stainless steel round steel?

/in /by

How many ways to check the quality of stainless steel round steel?

Stainless steel round steel is a kind of steel section, that also belongs to the bar. Its cross-section is uniformly round, and the general length is 4 M. And the surface is smooth, without the problem of scarring. But if you want to purchase high-quality steel, then certainly still need to do a good job of measuring the quality. But how to check its quality?

the quality of stainless steel round steel

Magnetic test

After all, it is the use of stainless steel material processing, so it is still necessary to do a good job of the basic magnetic test, which is also currently confirming the quality of good stainless steel round steel is a relatively simple method. Because stainless steel is non-magnetic just, but after cold processing, there will be a certain mild magnetism.

Nitric acid point test

If it is a high-quality round steel, then one of its more important features is that it has inherent corrosion resistance to concentrated nitric acid and dilute nitric acid. This is one of the things that makes it very different from other metallic and alloy materials. If it is a high-carbon type of steel, such as 440 steel, then it may be subject to corrosion during the nitric acid point test.

Copper sulfate point test

If you want to differentiate between ordinary carbon steel and stainless steel rounds, then you can also directly utilize a copper sulfate solution to perform the spot test. It is necessary to remove all grease and contaminants from the test area before the test, then simply polish it with a soft abrasive cloth, and then go on to use the copper sulfate solution for the test. In the case of stainless steel, the surface will not produce copper deposits.

Inconel 718 alloy supplier

What exactly makes Inconel alloys so special?

/in /by

What exactly makes Inconel alloys so special?

Inconel alloys are one of the most versatile metals. Due to their high performance and superior properties, their applications cover a wide range of industries. They are the natural choice for the automotive, aerospace, marine, and oil and gas industries because they are specifically optimized to withstand some of the most demanding manufacturing conditions.

Inconel 718 alloy supplier

What is it about Inconel that makes it so special? Here’s everything you need to know about them.

1. How Inconel Alloys are Made

Although Inconel alloys vary widely in their composition, they all have nickel and chromium as their primary elements. These specialty metals are not to be confused with duplex stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, or any other type of stainless steel alloy. The different types of Inconel® alloys and their respective compositions are briefly described here.

INCONEL 600

This nickel-chromium alloy is highly resistant to a wide range of corrosive elements. It will not succumb to general oxidation or stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride ions, even under extreme temperature conditions.

INCONEL601

Inconel 601 contains nickel, chromium, and aluminum. The addition of aluminum gives it excellent mechanical properties even in high-temperature environments.

INCONEL625

Inconel 625 contains nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and niobium. The reaction between molybdenum and niobium results in hardening of the matrix microstructure of the alloy, which increases its overall tensile strength. It is this nickel-based alloy that is extremely resistant to common corrosive elements under harsh conditions.

INCONEL 690

Unlike the other metal alloys in this series, Inconel 690 is made from high chromium and nickel. The use of high chromium makes this particular metal alloy variant highly resistant to corrosive conditions synonymous with aqueous environments. Its high corrosion resistance also allows it to withstand vulcanization that occurs in high-temperature environments.

Inconel 718 alloy supplier

The structure and response of Inconel 718 are quite different from the other metals in the series. This nickel-based high-temperature alloy is made from nickel and chromium, as well as significant amounts of molybdenum, niobium, and iron. It also contains trace amounts of aluminum and titanium. The combination of these alloying elements makes Inconel 718 very strong, flexible, and resistant to post-weld cracking.

2. Applications for Inconel alloys

Manufacturers and design engineers use Inconel alloys in a number of industrial applications that require reliable and technically superior materials. The fact that they have excellent corrosion and high-temperature resistance makes them very attractive.

These alloys are best reserved for use in environments that other materials cannot withstand. Here is an overview of some of the major industrial applications that rely on Inconel alloys.

Aerospace Industry

Jet engine components are consistently exposed to high pressures and temperatures. As a result, the materials used in their construction need to withstand these conditions while maintaining their strength and integrity.

Nickel-based high-temperature alloys are the natural choice for any high-temperature application. It offers corrosion resistance in high-stress environments, creep deformation resistance, and low expansion even at high temperatures. For example, Inconel 718 and 750 are used to make turbine seals, fasteners, and exhaust bushings.

Automotive Industry

An automobile engine is a sophisticated piece of machinery. It generates a lot of heat, but still needs to be efficient, lightweight, and reliable. Inconel 600, 601, and 625 have a wide range of applications, including the manufacture of key components for high-performance vehicles. In addition, it is commonly used in passive safety devices such as airbags, electrical switchgear, fuel pumps, sensors, ignition systems, and exhaust fittings.

Marine Industry

Inconel alloys deliver high performance even under the most extreme conditions, such as in the marine industry. Nickel alloys are manufactured to withstand the highly corrosive conditions of offshore processing plants that rely on seawater as a coolant.

Inconel 625 is widely used in submarine communication cable sheathing, propulsion motors, propeller blades, wire ropes, and even downhole equipment.

3. Characteristics of Inconel alloys

One of the most notable characteristics of Inconel alloys is their corrosion resistance. They also have significant oxidation resistance and can withstand high temperatures even when compared to stainless steel.

When exposed to high temperatures, Inconel forms a protective passivated oxide layer on its surface to protect it from further damage. Not only is it heat resistant, but it maintains its strength under these conditions. In addition, Inconel is resistant to pressure, making it ideal for extreme applications in a variety of fields.

What performance characteristics does seamless pipe possess?

/in /by

A seamless pipe is a kind of cylinder made of round steel, which is drawn directly from the billet. Seamless pipe is a little stronger than straight seam steel pipe, and can produce steel pipe with larger diameters from a narrower billet, and can also produce steel pipe with different diameters from the same width of billet. Share with you what performance characteristics seamless pipe has.

Performance characteristics of seamless pipe

Seamless pipe performance characteristics:

1) Seamless steel pipe is actually a hollow steel pipe with a certain cross-section and no seams. Seamless steel pipe is a kind of steel pipe processed from steel by piercing, cold rolled, or cold drawn and processed into a pipe.

Because the pipe is hollow inside, it can transport some fluid liquids, in addition to the traditional solid steel, compressive strength is greater, and the volume is light, a more ideal type of economic steel pipe. It is widely used in manufacturing and processing industries, such as oil drilling rods, vehicle frames, and scaffolding for construction.

2) At the same time, seamless steel pipe can also be processed into ring-shaped parts, the full use of materials, simplifies the production process, greatly reducing the production cycle. At the same time, steel tubes also play a significant role in the manufacture of some weapons, such as gun barrels need to use steel tubes for manufacturing.

Seamless steel pipe can be divided into two categories according to its hollow cross-section: round and profiled. When the perimeter of the two products is the same, the round pipe conveys a larger amount of fluid and the force inside the pipe is uniform. However, round steel pipe is not as good as shaped steel pipe in terms of bending, so it is used in different fields of application for different steel pipe performance characteristics.

About the introduction of the performance characteristics of seamless pipe, today we share with you here, we will see you in the next issue!

Seamless steel pipe hardness

Seamless steel pipe hardness testing method

/in /by

What are the seamless steel pipe hardness testing methods?

The hardness test of stainless steel should take into account its mechanical properties, which are related to the performance and quality of deformation, stamping, cutting, and other processing carried out with stainless steel as raw material. Therefore, all seamless steel pipes should be tested for mechanical properties. Mechanical properties test methods are mainly divided into two categories, one is the tensile test, and the other is the hardness test.

The tensile test is a seamless steel pipe made of specimens, in the tensile testing machine will be pulled to break the specimen, and then determine one or several mechanical properties, usually only determining the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and section shrinkage. The tensile test is the most basic mechanical properties of the metal materials test method, almost all metal materials, as long as the mechanical properties of the requirements, are specified tensile test. Especially for those materials whose shapes are not convenient for hardness tests, the tensile test becomes the only means of mechanical property inspection.

Seamless steel pipe supplier

A hardness test is a rigid indenter according to the specified conditions slowly pressed into the surface of the specimen, and then testing the depth or size of the indentation, in order to determine the size of the material hardness. The hardness test is the simplest, quickest, and easiest to implement method in the mechanical property test of materials. The hardness test is non-destructive, with material hardness value and tensile strength value between the approximate conversion relationship. The fact that the hardness value of a material can be converted to a tensile strength value is of great practical significance.

Since the tensile test is not easy to test and it is convenient to convert from hardness to strength, people are increasingly testing only the hardness of the material and less often its strength. Especially due to the continuous progress and innovation of hardness tester manufacturing technology, some of the original can not directly test the hardness of the material, such as seamless steel tubes, stainless steel plates, and stainless steel strips, etc., are now possible to directly test the hardness. Therefore, there is a hardness test that gradually replaces the trend of the tensile test.

Most of the national standards in stainless steel materials are simultaneously specified in the tensile test and hardness test. For those materials that do not facilitate the hardness test, such as seamless steel pipe only provide for the tensile test. The stainless steel standard generally provides for cloth, Luo, dimensional three hardness test methods, determination of HB, HRB (or HRC), and HV hardness value, the provisions of the three hardness values can be measured only one of them.

Seamless steel pipe inside diameter of 6.0mm or more, a wall thickness of 13mm below the annealed seamless steel pipe, you can use a W-B75 type Wechsler hardness tester, which test is very fast, easy, and suitable for seamless steel pipe to do a quick and non-destructive qualification test. Seamless steel pipe inner diameter greater than 30mm, wall thickness greater than 1.2mm seamless steel pipe, using Rockwell hardness tester, test HRB, HRC hardness. Seamless steel pipe with an internal diameter greater than 30mm, wall thickness less than 1.2mm seamless steel pipe, using surface Rockwell hardness tester, test HRT or HRN hardness. Seamless steel pipe with inner diameter less than 0mm and greater than 4.8mm, use Rockwell hardness tester for pipe, test HR15T hardness. When the inner diameter of a seamless steel pipe is greater than 26mm, you can also use Rockwell or a surface Rockwell hardness tester to test the hardness of the inner wall of the pipe.

316 stainless steel supplier

Is there a way to identify 316 stainless steel?

/in /by

Steel material 304 and 316 identification methods are as follows:

Identification of color and luster

After pickling of stainless steel, the surface color and lustre silver white and clean: chromium-nickel stainless steel color silver white jade; chromium stainless steel color white slightly gray luster is weak; chromium-manganese-nitrogen stainless steel color and chromium-nickel stainless steel is similar to the color and lustre is slightly lighter. The surface color of the stainless steel without pickling: chromium-nickel steel is brownish white, chromium steel is brownish black, and chromium manganese nitrogen is black (these three colors refer to the oxidation of the heavier color). Cold rolled unannealed chromium-nickel stainless steel, the surface of silver-white reflective.

Identification with a magnet

Magnets can basically distinguish between the two types of stainless steel. Because chromium stainless steel in any state can be attracted by magnets; chromium-nickel stainless steel in the annealed state is generally non-magnetic, in the cold-worked, some will be magnetic. However, high manganese steel containing high manganese is non-magnetic; the chromium-nickel-nitrogen stainless steel magnetic situation is more complex: some are non-magnetic, some magnetic, and some longitudinal surface is a non-magnetic and magnetic cross-section. Therefore, although the magnet can basically distinguish chromium stainless steel and chromium-nickel stainless steel, but can not correctly distinguish some of the special properties of the steel, and also can not distinguish the specific steel number.

316 stainless steel supplier

Identification with copper sulfate

Will remove the oxide layer on the steel, put a drop of water, with copper sulfate rub, rub, such as no color change, generally for stainless steel; such as purple red, non-magnetic for high manganese steel, magnetic generally for ordinary steel or low alloy steel.

For special properties of steel, we also need to take the following three ways to identify.

Abrasive identification

Grinding flower identification is the stainless steel in the grinder, view its sparks. If the spark is streamlined, and there are more dense knots, that is, high manganese-containing high manganese steel or manganese-nitrogen steel; such as no knots that is chromium steel or chromium-nickel stainless steel.

Annealing method of identification

Cold working chromium-nickel stainless steel, such as magnetic, can take a small piece of red in the fire to let it cool naturally or into the water (annealing), generally speaking, after annealing the magnetic properties will be significantly weakened or completely disappeared. But some chromium-nickel stainless steel, such as Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi steel and Cr21Ni5Ti steel, because the steel contains more ferrite elements, and its internal organization has a considerable part of ferrite. Therefore, even in the state of hot working, there are magnetic.

Chemical characterization method

The chemical characterization method is to identify the magnetic stainless steel containing nickel is an identification method. The method is to dissolve a small piece of stainless steel in aqua regia, use clean water to dilute the acid, add ammonia neutralization, and then gently injected it into the nickel reagent. If there is a red fluffy material floating on the liquid surface, that is, indicating that the stainless steel contains nickel; if there is no red fluffy material, that is, to prove that the stainless steel is without nickel.

inconel 600 supplier

What kind of welding wire is used for inconel600?

/in /by

In this article we will take a closer look at the material characteristics and what wire is used to weld inconel600. Like all nickel alloys, inconel600 has excellent corrosion resistance and a range of other chemical properties that make it suitable for the harshest and most demanding environments. Due to inconel600’s excellent properties, ease of fabrication, and wide range of forms, it plays an important role in many different industries and applications.

inconel 600 supplier

Application areas for inconel600 high-temperature alloy are rotating and stationary parts for highly stressed gas turbines and rocket engines, high-pressure bolts, springs and fasteners, nuclear reactor and spacecraft components, extrusion or shearing (e.g. copper), it is also used in very important applications such as pump shafts used in offshore and marine engineering, other highly stressed wellhead equipment and oil well equipment. inconel600 The standard product forms of the high-temperature alloy include sheet, bar, plate, round bar, flat bar, forged buttstock, hexagonal, and wire in sizes that each have a variety of uses, which means that it has a variety of uses, and is also easy to fabricate through all of the standard procedures for nickel-based alloys.

inconel600 high-temperature alloy chemical composition:
Carbon (C) ≤ 0.30,
Nickel (Ni) ≥ 63.0,
Silicon (Si) ≤ 0.5,
Sulfur (S) ≤ 0.024.
Iron(Fe) ≤2.5, Manganese(Al) ≤0.5
Manganese(Al) ≤2.0, Copper(Cu) ≤2.5
Copper (Cu) 28.0 ~ 34.0
Physical Properties: Density: 8.9g/cm3.
Melting point: 1300-1350 ℃.
Magnetic properties: None

Finally, each grade of inconel600 high-temperature alloy offers specifications and properties that enable design engineers to select the right material for each job. each grade develops over time, creating new versions that are enhanced or evolved in some way to offer different properties. inconel600 high-temperature alloy is available in both C-type and G-type from a corrosion standpoint. Many of the properties of the HASTELLOY materials, notably resistance to chloride pitting and crevice corrosion, and resistance to abrasion and aqueous corrosion Cobalt alloys perform similarly to STELLITE alloys with lower carbon content from a wear perspective.

316l stainless steel pipe price

It’s not, is it? You still don’t know what’s so great about 316L stainless steel?

/in /by

What are the characteristics of 316L stainless steel?

Advantages: excellent heat and corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength.

316l stainless steel pipe price

316L stainless steel is a high-purity stainless steel material with good corrosion and wear resistance and is widely used in the manufacture of food processing, pharmaceuticals, the electronics industry, and medical devices. Its main advantages include:

1, higher corrosion resistance. 316L stainless steel has good acid and alkali resistance and oxidation resistance due to its high chromium and low carbon content, which can work stably at room temperature and is not easy to rust.

2, high wear resistance. 316L stainless steel has high hardness and strength, can withstand greater friction and impact, suitable for manufacturing high-strength, high-precision parts.

3, good weldability. 316L stainless steel has good weldability.

4, good temperature resistance. 316L stainless steel can withstand higher temperatures, suitable for manufacturing parts and devices in high-temperature environments.

5, low thermal expansion. 316L stainless steel has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, small deformation at high temperatures, and can maintain the accuracy and dimensional stability of parts.

6, good friction resistance. 316L stainless steel has high abrasion resistance and wear resistance, can withstand greater friction and impact, suitable for the 316L stainless steel manufacture of friction-strength parts.

What is the difference between nickel alloys 625, 330 and 600?

/in /by

What is the difference between nickel alloys 625, 330 and 600?

You may be familiar with the Inconel alloy high nickel alloy series. This family of alloys is known for its performance under extreme thermal conditions, which makes each Inconel nickel alloy variant very popular for in-furnace applications such as heat treating or annealing steel. However, what are the differences between the Inconel Nickel Alloy range? This is a question that Makrolite Alloy’s salesmen are often asked. In fact, a customer recently did an experiment where they placed their product in a furnace at 1975 degrees Fahrenheit for one hour, and he wanted to know which of the three different Inconel nickel alloys would be best suited for their application: 330, 600, or 625?

1. Incoloy 330
Although it is part of the Inconelmoyanalloy family of heat-resistant metal alloys, 330 is more commonly known as Incoloymoyanalloy or RA330. With a nickel content of 34% to 37% and chromium content of 17% to 20%, Incoloymoyanalloy has an incredible resistance to yangization at temperatures up to 1,148°C. This is the most important of the three. Incredible resistance to yang chemistry, with carburizing and nitriding capabilities.

Rapid changes in temperature (common in heat-treating applications) are not a big problem for alloy 330 because it resists thermal shock. Like many Inconelmoyanalloy alloys, 330 maintains a large degree of tensile strength at extreme temperatures compared to common steel alloys.

In fact, in the Alloy Properties Guide, Rolled Alloys lists RA330 as having “better” (above average) properties in terms of strength, oxidation resistance, resistance to carburization, and resistance to sulfur oxidation, as well as being rated as “best” of the high-temperature alloys it offers. “Thermal shock resistance.

2. inconel600
inconel600 is a popular high-temperature resistant yangified material. at a low nickel content of 72%, this metal alloy has more than twice the nickel content of Incoloy 330.

While this contributes to the metal’s high-temperature oxidation and carburization resistance, it does make the metal susceptible to sulfur attack. As stated in the Rolled Alloys Guide, Inconel 600 is used for oxidized sulfur, reduced sulfur, or molten metals such as copper, zinc, or magnesium. It does, however, have good tensile strength, above-average resistance to oxidation and thermal shock, and first-rate resistance to carburization. It also has incredible resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking if stress is relieved.

3. Inconel 625
In terms of nickel content, Inconel 625 falls between alloys 330 and 600, with a low nickel content of 58%. The chromium content is between 20-23%, which is the second most abundant element in the alloy. The addition of niobium and molybdenum improves the performance of the alloy at different temperatures, which explains the excellent strength and toughness of Inconel 600 in the temperature range from 0°C to 1093°C. The alloy is also characterized by a high creep resistance.

The alloy also offers exceptionally high creep fracture strength, fatigue resistance, and resistance to chloride pitting/crevice corrosion. Also, this metal is very easy to weld compared to other Inconel nickel alloys. Recommended uses for this metal include jet engine exhausts, torch stacks, seawater equipment, and chemical plant equipment because of its high chemical and temperature resistance.

In corrosion testing of rolled alloys, 625’s resistance to oxalic acid was particularly high compared to other materials, with the material experiencing only 6.0 mils/year of corrosion in a 10% boiling solution of oxalic acid. In comparison, 316L stainless steel experienced 44.9 mils/year of corrosion in the same solution. However, its resistance to sulfuric acid was less impressive, at 37 mils/year of corrosion in a plating solution with a concentration of 10%.

So which material is best for your needs?

Lin Kun Alloys suggests that it depends on what your application process looks like and what chemicals, if any, are involved. Inconel 600 has good temperature resistance, but not more than 330, which is completely unsuitable for any application involving the use of sulfuric acid compounds. Also, 330 has good resistance to sulfur oxidation without reducing the sulfur content. Inconel 625 is generally resistant to most acids but can be more costly than alloy 330, which has a lower nickel content.

What is the working principle of a heat pipe heat exchanger?

/in /by

Industrial production in many steps needs us to carry out heat transfer, we use equipment with a heat transfer function to achieve the exchange of heat energy between the heat pipe heat exchanger also a lot of companies will use heat transfer equipment, but there are still many companies do not understand the working principle of heat pipe heat exchanger, today we will come together to understand it.

https://lkalloy.com/

First, the role of the heat pipe heat exchanger

Heat pipe heat exchanger is a high thermal conductivity component, through the evaporation and condensation of the mass in the fully enclosed vacuum tube shell to transfer heat, with good thermal conductivity, good isothermal, hot and cold sides of the heat transfer area can be arbitrarily changed, can be a long-distance heat transfer, can be a series of advantages such as temperature control. The disadvantage is poor oxidation and high-temperature resistance. This disadvantage can be solved by installing a set of ceramic heat exchangers in the front, ceramic heat exchanger is a better solution to the problem of high-temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance.

Second, the application areas of the heat pipe heat exchanger

The tube heat exchanger has been widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, oil refining, boilers, ceramics, transportation, textiles, machinery, and other industries, as waste heat recovery and process heat use of energy-saving equipment, and achieved good economic benefits.

Third, the principle of heat pipe heat exchanger

Heat pipe heat exchanger in a closed highly vacuum tubes or cylinders within the body wall set with a layer of porous capillary structure of the liquid-absorbing core, immersed in the liquid phase of the substance. An external heat source inputs heat in the evaporation section to evaporate and vaporize the mass. The steam flows to the condensation section for condensation, and the latent heat of vaporization released is sent to the outside world. The condensate shrinks into the suction core and flows back to the evaporation section by capillary pressure, completing the automatic circulation of the work material.

incoloy 800h price per kg

What are the material properties of incoloy 800h?

/in /by

Incoloy 800H Welding For 800 H/HT use below 787°C, and weld with wire 82 (ER NiCr-3). R A 330-04 (N08334) wire has a matching coefficient of thermal expansion and higher strength. If maximum mechanical strength is desired, it is best to use wire 617 (ERNiCrCoMo-1) or electrode 117 (ENiCrCoMo-1).

In order to avoid cracking at grain boundaries due to stress relaxation that may occur in 800H/HT welded parts above 538°C, a post-weld heat treatment is required at 899°C, with a holding time of one hour for every 25 mm of material thickness (at least half an hour/25 mm of thickness), followed by air-cooling.

The corrosion resistance of Incoloy 800H.

800H is resistant to many corrosive media. Its high nickel content gives it good resistance to stress corrosion cracking in aqueous corrosive conditions. The high chromium content gives it better resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion cracking. The alloy has good resistance to nitric and organic acid corrosion, but limited resistance to sulphuric and hydrochloric acids. There is good corrosion resistance in oxidizing and non-oxidizing salts, except in halides where pitting corrosion is possible. It also has good corrosion resistance in water, vapor, and mixtures of steam, air, and carbon dioxide.

incoloy 800h price per kg

Strengthening Mechanism of Incoloy800H Alloy

In order to achieve excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Incoloy 800H alloys, it is necessary to add a variety of alloying elements to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy and strengthen the austenite matrix.

Solid Solution Strengthening

Solid solution strengthening of Incoloy800H alloy is to add Fe, Cr, and other alloying elements to the matrix to form single-phase austenite, and the atomic radius of these elements is different from that of Ni, which produces an aberrant stress field within the crystal, hindering the movement of dislocations, thereby increasing the strength of the alloy. Because Ni and Fe, Cr, and other elements can form an infinite solid solution, the austenite matrix can be solidly dissolved into a large number of Fe, and Cr elements without phase transition.

Precipitation strengthening

Precipitation strengthening in Incoloy800H alloy plays an important role, γ ‘phase is an important strengthening phase in Incoloy800H alloy, for the FCC structure, and the matrix is a co-grid relationship. In practice, Ti atoms in the γ’ phase often replace some of the Al atoms to form Ni3(Al, Ti) reinforced phase. Due to the low interfacial energy between this phase and the austenitic matrix, the γ’-strengthened phase usually maintains high organizational stability [26]. In addition, the γ’ phase is able to strengthen the austenitic matrix through its interaction with the dislocation motion of the Al and Ti contents and the effect of the solid solution treatment on the organization and properties of Incoloy800H alloys (bypassing and cutting particle mechanisms), while the inherent plasticity of the γ’ phase avoids the second phase from acting as a source of crack initiation.